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Yeast cell wall matrix particles are composedentirely of mannoprotein and β-glucan. The manoproteinssystem. We previously purified and analyzed alkali-solubleβ-glucans [β-(1,3)- and β-(1,6)-glucans] [10]. In the presentstudy, a wild-type strain was first mutagenized with ultravioletlight, and the cell wall mutants were then selected by treatmentwith 1.0 mg/ml laminarinase (endo-β-(1,3)-D-glucanase).Mannoproteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were released bylaminarinase, purified by concanavalin-A affinity and ion-exchange chromatography. The results indicated that the mutantsmannoprotein mas of mutant K48L3 was 2.25 mg/100 mgof yeast cell dry mass. Carbohydrate analysis revealed thatthey contained mannose, glucose, and N-acetylglucosamine.Sacharomyces cerevisiae cell wall components, mannoproteins,are known to interact with macrophages through receptors,thereby inducing release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)and nitric oxide. Mannoprotein fractions in the present study hada higher macrophage activity of secretion of TNF-α and nitricoxide and direct phagocytosis than positive control (1gmannoproteins of K48L3 enhanced and upregulated the activityof nitric oxide secretion and macrophage phagocytosis byaproximately two- and four-fold, respectively.

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