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Oil spill was found in 19 from a diesel storagefacility located near the top of Baekun Mountain in UiwangCity. Application of bioremediation techniques was veryrelevant in removing oil spills in this site, because thegeological condition was not amenable for other onsiteremediation techniques. For efficient bioremediation, bacterialcomunities of the contaminated site and the uncontaminatedcontrol site were compared using both molecular and cultivationtechniques. Soil bacterial populations were observed to bestimulated to grow in the soils contaminated with dieselhydrocarbon, whereas fungal and actinomycetes populationswere decreased by diesel contamination. Most of the diesel-degrading bacteria isolated from contaminated forest soilswere strains of Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, and Rhodococusspecies. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysiscontaminated sites, whereas those of the control sites wereidentical to each other. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequencesof dominant isolates and clones showed that the bacterialcomunity was less diverse in the oil-contaminated site thanat the control site. Sequence analysis of the alkane hydroxylasegenes cloned from soil microbial DNAs indicated that theirdiversity and distribution were different between the contaminatedsite and the control site. The results indicated that dieselcontamination exerted a strong selection on the indigenouspredominance of well-adapted microorganisms in concurrencewith decrease of microbial diversity.

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