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Despites many attempts to explore the microbialdiversity in kimchi fermentation, the predominant flora remainscontroversial to date. In the present study, major lactic acidbacteria (LAB) were investigated in Chinese cabage kimchiin the early phase of fermention. For the samples over pH 4.0,viable cell counts of Leuconostoc and Pedioccus were106 2 cfu/ml, respectively, and 20 isolatesout of 172 were subjected to a biochemical identification (API50 CH kit) as well as molecular-typing methods including ITS-PCR with a RsaI digestion and 16s rRNA gene sequenceanalysis for species confirmation. Seven isolates were nicelyassigned to Lb. brevis, 6 to Leuconostoc spp. (2 mesenteroides,2 citreum, 1 carnosum, 1 gasicomitatum), 4 to Weissella (3kimchii/cibaria, 1 hanii) and 2 to other s spp. (1farciminis, 1 plantarum). On the other hand, the biochemicalidentification data revealed 9 strains of Lb. brevis, 6 strains ofLeuconostocs, 2 strains of Lb. plantarum and 1 strain each ofLb. coprophilus and Lactococcus lactis. However, a singleisolates, YSM 16, was not matched to the ITS-PCR databaseconstructed in the present study. Two Lb. brevis strains byAPI 50 CH kit were reasigned to W. kimchii/cibaria, Lb.coprophilus or W. hanii, respectively, judging from the resultsby the above molecular typing approaches. As a whole, theidentification data obtained by the biochemical test werediferent from those of ITS-PCR molecular method by about63% at genus-level and 42% at species-level. The data bythe ITS-PCR method conclusively suggest that predominantLAB species is probably heterolactic Lb. brevis, followed byW. kimchii/cibaria, Leuc. mesenteroides, and Leuc. citreum,in contrast to the previous reports [3] that Leuc. mesenteroideskimchifermentation.

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