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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국사학사학회 韓國史學史學報 韓國史學史學報 제20호
발행연도
2009.1
수록면
149 - 178 (30page)

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The global history perspective was once a familiar aspect of historical thinking in all societies, whether literate or not. Sometime in the late nineteenth century, as the history discipline became more “professional” and more “scientific”, the idea of a total history of the world vanished. Today, particularly in the USA, there is a partial revival of global historical thinking. Yet most professional historians in most countries continue to think of global history or world history as over-ambitious. In this article I will argue that we need to return to the idea of a total history of the past. In other words, we need to revive the idea of global history in its most ambitious forms. Doing so is now possible because we have so much more information than was available in the late nineteenth century. Many areas of the world whose history had been poorly studied in the late nineteenth century have now developed rich historiographical traditions. There has also been great progress in research on the ancient past of our species, helped by new methods of archaeological investigation and new radiometric dating techniques. We are now in a position to start constructing a scientifically rigorous account of the history of humanity. We also live at a time when rapid globalization is encouraging a revival of world history in many different countries. Increasingly, historians and educators realize that it is not enough to teach students about the history of their own country. They need to know above all how their own country fits into an increasingly interdependent world. I hope that Korean historians will be able to play a significant role in this revival. Why is the revival of global history so important? There are many reasons. I will focus on three. First, we need global history if we are to understand some of the very large patterns of human history that are neglected in standard historical scholarship. These include the slow technological progress that has led to the creation of today’s world, in which human beings control a dangerously large share of the resources available to the biosphere as a whole. Second, a good understanding of the overall trajectory of human history will help us to a better understanding of our rapidly changing relationship with the biosphere. That understanding, in turn, will allow historians to play a more significant role in current debates about sustainability. Third, returning to the idea of a unified history of humanity will help us create the sense of global solidarity that will be needed as we collectively tackle the ecological, political and economic challenges facing our species in the near future. Will historians manage to create a sense of human solidarity as they once created a sense of national solidity in nation after nation? That is an ambitious challenge, but I believe we will need such a vision of humanity if humans are to collaborate in solving the many problems we now face. And global history is the discipline best positioned to try to create such a unified vision of humanity.

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