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Lee, H.H., Yoon, J.H., Jeong, I.G., Kim, J.O., Kim, B.K., Seo J.H., Ko, I.G., Shin, M.S., Kim, S.E., Kim, C.J. Effects of treadmill exercise on cell proliferation and BDNF expression in the rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury. Exercise Science, 17(3): 363-372, 2008. In the present study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on memory function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in rat hippocampus following traumatic brain injury. Male SD rats, aged 6 weeks, were randomly assigned to the following three groups: Sham-operation group(n=10), TBI group(n=10), and TBI and exercise group(n=10). Traumatic brain injury(TBI) was induced by a electromagnetic controlled cortical impact. Treadmill running was conducted with duration and frequency of 30 minutes and 7 times per week, respectively, for 2 weeks. Rats were tested on a passive avoidance task in order to evaluate the memory ability. Hippocampal cell proliferation and BDNF expression were assessed by BrdU immunohistochemistry and Western blot, respectively. In our results, TBI resulted in significant memory impairment along with suppressed BDNF expression in the hippocampus. Treadmill exercise significantly improved the memory capability and increased the hippocampal BDNF expression following TBI. In addition, treadmill exercise upregulated TBI-induced cell proliferation in the hippocampus. Based on the present results, it can be suggested that treadmill running exert a beneficial effect on TBI-induced memory impairment partially by enhancing cell proliferation and BDNF expression in the hippocampus.

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