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Background and Objectives:The imbalance betwen a Th1 response and a Th2 response may be one feature of allergic disea-ses pathophysiology. IL-18, originally caled the IFN-γ inducing factor, stimulates both Th1 and Th2 responses depending on cytokine milieu. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of intranasal and intraperitoneal administration of IL-18 in mice with experimentaly induced airway allergy. Materials and Method:Female BALB/c mice were systemically sensitized with ovalbumin mixed with aluminum hydroxide and were challenged with the intranasal instillation of ovalbumin. IL-18 was instilled to nasal cavities or injected into peritoneum acording to the experimental group. After provocation test, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was colected and IL-4, IL-5, IL-18 and IFN-γ were measured. The degree of eosinophil-ic infiltration were evaluated at the peribronchial region of the lung specimen. :The concentration of IL-4 and IL-5 within BALF and peribronchial infiltration of eosinophils were significantly suppressed in the groups treated with IL-18 than in the control group. The intranasal instillation of IL-18 supresed Th2 cytokines more effectively than the intraperitoneal in-jection. Conclusion:It is sugested that allergic inflamation can be supresed with the intranasal instillation of IL-18. (Ko-rean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2007 ;50 :996-1000)

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