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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
김동일 (대구가톨릭대)
저널정보
한국미술연구소 미술사논단 美術史論壇 2018 특별호
발행연도
2018.11
수록면
101 - 133 (33page)
DOI
10.14380/AHF.2018.01.101

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초록· 키워드

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The word that often comes to mind when discussing sculptor Kim Chong Yung’s work is the philosophy of Bulgak(不刻). Bulgak literally means ‘to not sculpt’ or ‘the refusal to sculpt.’ As it is implied in the word, Kim Chong Yung did not leave many work nor did he leave a masterpiece. In fact, Kim Chong Yung’s ambition as a sculptor, compared to his contemporaries, is considered rather modest. While exaggerated anecdotes related to bulgak misrepresent him and his art in an almost mythical fashion, that is not to say that Kim is an overrated artist. If his contribution to modern Korean sculpture cannot be denied, then his achievements and bulgak are not to be seen as polemics but rather the two sides of a coin. The French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu defined symbolic struggle in two dimensions. First, the symbolic struggle is the practice of receiving recognition from competitors in a field, and second, it is the struggle to gain authority from the public in the social space outside the field. In view of the symbolic struggle, Kim Chong Yung’s bulgak can be understood to be a method that captures the essence of sculpture within the art world, and the struggle to have its value recognized in the social space. Kim Chong Yung’s bulgak carries two meanings. First is the denial of sculpture. Here, the sculpture is understood as the process and result of an artist projecting his or her intention to a material and artificially carving and controlling it. Kim Chong Yung practiced bulgak in refusal of such method. Second, bulgak indicates the minimalization of sculpting. In other words, by retaining a passive attitude towards a material, it is a method which aspires to bring out the most natural state of the material. Kim Chong Yung ironically affirmed the act of sculpting by refusing to sculpt. This is because, in the social context, the sculpture does not simply remain in the realm of art but acts as a passage where the dominant forces of social space penetrate. Korean society was a tumultuous one at the time of Kim Chong Yung, dejected through the Japanese colonial period, liberation, then the authoritarian regime where artists were not free from being labeled pro-Japanese, anti-Communist or authoritarian. Kim Chong Yung did not want his work to be controlled like this, and by refusing to sculpt, he resisted against the social forces that tried to inf luence his work. In this sense, bulgak by Kim Chong Yung was a symbolic struggle in its most intense form in order to fight against the ruling forces of society and obtain a differential position within the sculptural world. Bulgak – the refusal to sculpt or the minimalization of sculpting – aspired towards pure Korean sculpture which resembled nature rather than respond to the various social forces or the sculptural styles that resulted from these forces. He pioneered the abstract natural sculptural style, using wood and stone from Korea, representing Korean nature in abstract language. Against this background, this research first examines the social space under Japanese colonial, liberation, and authoritarian periods to understand Kim Chong Yung’s sculptures within the social context, and second, investigates Kim’s artistic response in the process of reconstructing social space.

목차

Ⅰ. 서론: 김종영의 수수께끼
Ⅱ. 비평적 지평의 설정
Ⅲ. 김종영 조각의 위상학
Ⅳ. 불각의 미학적 구조
Ⅴ. 결론을 대신하여: 예술, 사회, 그리고 자연
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