霽月堂송규렴(1630-1709)은 宋時烈․宋浚吉과 함께 三宋으로 일컬어지는 인물이다. 그는 병자호란, 明淸의 교체, 禮訟과 換局등 긴장된 환경 속에서 일생을 보냈다. 그동안 송규렴에 대한 연구는 생애와 사상, 경세관, 선비정신 등의 측면에서 단편적으로 진행되었을 뿐 그의 詩文전반에 대한 고찰은 미진하였다. 본고는 송규렴의 『제월당집』에 수록된 시문의 내용을 고찰하여 그가 어떤 사유의 소유자였는지 파악하고자 하였다. 이는 향후 그의 문학을 연구하는 데 중요한 기초 작업이 될 것이다. 송규렴의 詩文을 검토한 결과 세 가지 思惟가 두드러지게 나타났는데 이를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 송규렴은 강한 排淸의식의 소유자였다. 불과 7세의 나이로 병자호란을 겪었기 때문에 전란의 참혹함을 느끼지는 못했을 테지만, 평생 尊華攘夷의 의식 속에서 淸을 소탕해야할 오랑캐로 인식하였으며, 청의 소탕을 소원으로 거론할 만큼 배청 의식이 강렬하였다. 둘째, 兩宋에 대한 존모 의식이 송규렴의 시문 곳곳에 나타난다. 그는 양송을 은혜로는 부자관계, 의리로는 사제관계라 천명하였다. 이런 의식을 바탕으로 甲寅禮訟에서 패하고 처벌된 양송에 대해 백대의 뒤라도 公論의 올바른 평가가 있을 것임을 확신하였다. 셋째, 송규렴은 출사를 부정적으로 생각하지는 않았으나 실제 관직에 머문 기간이 10년 정도에 그칠 만큼 恬退를 지향하였다. 일의 성패는 시기에 달렸다고 생각한 송규렴은 오직 時義에 따라 出處를 정하고자 하였으며, 名利보다는 신념과 지조를 굽히지 않는 명예로운 삶을 지향하였다. 그러나 현실에 대한 관심을 완전히 끊지는 않음으로써 유학자의 참모습을 보여주었다.
Jewoldang Song, Gyu-ryeom(1630-1709) is a figure is called ‘Big Three Songs’ together with Song, Si-yeol and Song, Jun-gil. Song, Gyu-ryeom lived his life in a tense environment such as the Manchu war of 1636, Qing’s replacement of Ming, controversy over the mourning system, and changes in state affairs and circumstances, etc. The hitherto research on Song, Gyu-ryeom has been just in fragmentary progress in terms of his lifetime, idea, views of state administration and classical scholar spirit, and actually, consideration of his poetry and prose in general has been incomplete. This study intended to grasp what thought he had by considering the contents of the poetry and prose which are included in Song, Gyu-ryeom’s Jewoldang Collection. This might be the important basic work in doing research on his literature for the time to come. As a result of examining Song, Gyu-ryeom’s poetry and prose, three sorts of thought were found to be remarkable, which are arranged as follows: First, Song, Gyu-ryeom was a possessor of strong consciousness of rejection of Qing. Although he might not feel the brutality of war as he went through the Manchu war of 1636 just at the tender age of seven, Song, Gyu-ryeom perceived Qing as a barbarian, who had to be rooted out, amid zūnhuá rǎngyí(respect for China and expulsion of barbarians) for his life, and his consciousness of rejection of Qing was intense to such an extent as to raise the mop-up of Qing as his wish. Second, his consciousness of respect and longings for both Song, Si-yeol and Song, Jun-gil(hereinafter referred to as ‘both Songs’) appears throughout Song, Gyu-ryeom’s poetry and prose. He made it clear that both Songs were in a father-son relationship in terms of a favor, and teacher-student relationship in terms of fidelity. On the basis of such consciousness, he was convinced that there will be a proper evaluation of public opinion even after hundred generations about both Songs who were punished after being defeated in the controversy over mourning in 1674. Third, Song, Gyu-ryeom didn’t think of entering government service negatively, but he aimed at stepping down from a government post without any pursuit of fame and wealth to the extent that his actual length of government service was not more than ten years. Song, Gyu-ryeong, who thought that success or failure depended on time, intended to make a decision about whether he would practice his experience and knowledge by going out into the world for his successful life, or live in seclusion as a natural man according to time properness; in addition, he also aimed at a honorable life by never giving up his belief and fidelity rather than the pursuit of fame and gain. However, Song, Gyu-ryeom showed his real colors of a Confucian scholar by not completely staying out of concern for reality.