금융시장이 세계화, 융합화, 복잡화됨에 따라 금융소비자에게 재무관리역량의 필요성이 더욱 커지고 있다. 생업의 수단으로 본인의 일을 하고 있는 소비자가 급변하는 금융환경에 발 빠르게 대처하는 것이 쉽지 않게 되었다. 한정된 재정자원을 가지고 결혼자금, 주택자금, 부채상환자금, 자녀교육자금, 자녀결혼자금, 은퇴자금 등의 재무목표 달성을 위하여 효율적이고 현명한 재무관리가 필요하다. 본 연구는 재무상담과 재무교육이 소비자의 재무관리역량에 미치는 영향을 알아봄으로써, 금융소비자를 위한 재무상담과 재무교육의 방향을 모색하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 재무상담은 여성에 비해 남성이, 대졸미만보다 대졸이상의 학력이, 직업에 따라서는 사무/전문/관리직이, 배우자가 없는 사람보다 배우자가 있는 사람이 재무상담을 더 경험한 것으로 나타났으며, 재무상담을 경험한 응답자들이 재무상담을 경험하지 않은 응답자들 보다 월 30만원 이상의 추가저축을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 재무상담경험 여부에 따라 재무관리역량에 차이가 있는지 살펴본 결과 재무관리태도 중 ‘신용과 부채관리태도’와 재무관리기능에서는 ‘계획관리기능’과 ‘위험관리기능’에서 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 여성보다 남성이, 대졸미만보다 대졸이상이, 다른 직업군보다 사무/전문/관리직이 재무교육을 더 경험한 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 재무교육경험 여부에 따라 재무관리역량에 차이가 있는가를 살펴본 결과 재무교육이 재무관리기능의 4개의 하위변수 모두 유의미한 차이를 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다. 다섯째, 재무상담 및 재무교육경험이 재무관리역량에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과 재무상담경험이 재무관리기능의 4개의 하위변수 모두에게 정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 재무교육을 추가로 투입하여 중다회귀분석을 실시한 결과 재무관리기능 중 ‘계획관리기능’을 제외한 나머지 하위변수들은 모두 유의하지 않았다. 한편 재무교육경험 여부에 따른 재무관리기능의 모든 변수는 모두 정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다.
The need for financial management competency is becoming more apparent to financial consumers due to the globalization, convergence and sophistication of financial markets. As a consequence, it has become increasingly difficult for consumers who work for a living to quickly respond to the fast-changing financial environment. People need to efficiently and wisely manage their limited financial resources to achieve their financial goals, including the development of a marriage fund, housing fund, debt repayment fund, child education fund, child marriage fund and retirement fund. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to identify the best direction for financial consultations and financial education for financial consumers by inquiring into the effects of financial consultations and financial education on consumers’ financial management competency. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, as a result of the examination into the differences in the financial consultation experience according to the sociodemographic characteristics, more men than women, more college graduates and postgraduates than high school graduates and below, more people engaged in office/specialized/managerial jobs than other types of work, and more people with a spouse than without a spouse had experience of financial consultations. Also, those respondents who had experience of financial consultations saved KRW 300,000 a month more than those who did not have experience of financial consultations. Second, as a result of the examination into the difference in the financial management competency according to whether consumers have experience of financial consultations, there were significant differences in the “credibility and debt management attitude” among the financial management attitudes and the “plan management function” and “risk management function” among the financial management functions. Third, as a result of the examination into the difference in the financial education experience according to the sociodemographic characteristics, for the same financial consultation experience, more men than women, more college graduates and postgraduates than high school graduates and below and more people engaged in office/specialized/managerial jobs than in other types of work had experience of financial education. Fourth, as a result of the examination into the difference in the financial management competency according to whether the consumers had experience of financial education, it was identified that financial education has a significant effect on all four lower-level variables of the financial management functions. Fifth, as a result of the examination into the difference in the financial management competency according to whether the consumers had experience of financial consultations and financial education, it was identified that such experience has a significant positive effect on all four lower-level variables of the financial management functions. On the other hand, the experience of financial education has a positive effect on all four lower-level variables of the financial management funtions. On the other hand, the experience of financial education has a positive effect on all four lower-level variables of the financial management funtions.