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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국기독교학회 한국기독교신학논총 한국기독교신학논총 제34집
발행연도
2004.7
수록면
209 - 240 (32page)

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Augustine puts strong emphasis on the good order of Gods differential creation, disrupted by the existential human reality of sin, and acknowledges "the harmonic plur lity of God`s creation and the relative realization of justice in this world. Justice for him is indeed enclosed by the universal frame of divine grace: justice was, as the eternal law`. given in God`s creation and will be fulfilled, by Christ, in the city of God to come. But the universality of justice does not abolish. but subsumes the relational difference" of God`s creation as a way to respect the imperfect particularities of the earthly justice. Like Plato. he sees justice as a formal none for the estahlisluiment of the good harmonic plurality of God`s creation. But. unlike Plato, he holds that justice is not rigid. but rather flexible enough to be applicable to the specific values of ;dl different beings. It is to give all beings their particular dues and to form the harmonic beauty of their differentiality. It could be criticized by 1postmoder thinkers denying the universal essence of justice, if it is seen simply as depending on Plat(i s idea of justice. For (post)modern justice theorists, justice is a mere word whose reality cannot be objectively defined. The objective understanding of justice is impossible because it cannot be directly spoken or conceptualized. The only possible universal definition of justice is that it has no objective universal nature. Such (post )modemist views of justice could he serious challenges to Plato`s idea of justice, but not to Augustine`s, because Augustine is concerned with the differential reality of human existence as well as with the universal form of justice. The universal form of justice can get its real meaning only when it is embodied to form the harmonic beauty of all different beings. The universal form is not the basis for the harmonic beauty, but the conceptual designation of the hannonic beauty based on the creation of God whose Being is itself different yet hannonic and abundant. Augustine concerns injustice. i.e.. the loss of reciprocity between beings in all levels of society, and so denies the fulfillment of justice in this w odd. He thinks that justice is relative and contingent in reality, and that it is reflectively disclosed through the various manifestations of injustice, not through its direct realization. In this sense. it is not Plato s form of justice but the specific cases of injustice that conditioned Augustine` s view of human existence. Of course, he posits the order of God`s creation as the universal norm of justice. But the order of creation is a telos that "constitutes the good of a whole human life." It is the telos without which "a certain subversive arbitrariness will invade the moral life" and which "we shall be unable to specify the context of certain virtues adequately." No different way to justice is appreciated without concern for the order of God`s creation. Hence, Augustines emphasis upon the order of God`s creation as the norm of justice does not undermine his idea of justice as pluralistic and relative.

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