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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국기독교학회 한국기독교신학논총 한국기독교신학논총 제27집
발행연도
2003.1
수록면
87 - 116 (30page)

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This article is an attempt to review the cosmological myths of gnosticism from the anthropological point of view. More often than not, gnosticism has been known only as a Christian heresy, but in reality, we can find that ithad been around in numerous forms on the peripheries of many existing religions from the early days of Christianity till the Middle Ages. Instead of establishing any independent religious institutions or holding out any specific dogmas, it continued to exist in the form of various sects spreading some unique intellectual or religious trends outside those leading religions which prevailed then in diverse forms. It may be added that the early gnosticism grew on the fringes of Judaism and Christian world, mainly absorbing diverse religions and philosophical elements of Greece and Near East. When the Near Eastern religions metthe Hellenistic metaphysics, there appeared a new completely different religious phenomenon. For this reason, it may be said that gnosticism is a general term denoting a variety of thoughts that forms some unique religious or philosophical trends around the fringes of numerous religions. Of these diverse trends, the Christian gnosticism had developed as one of many diverse forms of early Christianity before it eventually evolved into orthodox. Christian gnosticism then cameto grow further into a specific system of thoughts by absorbing those important elements which were in common among early Christian sects such as the Old Testament, Christ, Holy Spirit, and the Cross. Although the traditional Christian Church later decided to dismiss the Christian gnosticism as a heresy, there is no way to deny that it was one of the many possible roads which the early Christianity might have taken. Had it so happened, we might find a some other form of Christianity entirely different from what we have today. The first impressions we receive from those gnostic myths are that they are diverse. However confounding and perplexing they seem at times, it may be said that those myths do reflect some particular gnostic spirit. By reading those gnostic myths,we can hopefully come closer to our ever-present fundamental question about the painful human predicament. What are the religious characteristics of this gnosticism which covers diverse religions? What is that which people defines to be gnosticism? It may be said that gnosticism had found a way to express the existential understanding on salvation in the form of cosmogenic myths. It is also possible to find some of the basic tenets in its dualistic world-views as well as itsinsistence on the salvation through spiritual knowledge, and perhaps, they are expressed by means of such unique cosmogenic myths. Therefore, its cosmology, in truth, belongs in what the gnostic religion is. In this article, the author will try to reconstruct those basic contents of the gnostic cosmology and review, within the context of the diverse religious phenomena, what sorts of significances the gnostic religio-philosophical understandings carry. And also, she will try to see how we should appreciate, within the perspectives of the history of philosophy and religion, the gnosticism that occupied the hearts of so many intellectuals who aspired at one time or another to overcome the sufferings of life and pursue human freedom.

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