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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국기독교학회 한국기독교신학논총 한국기독교신학논총 제26집
발행연도
2002.10
수록면
107 - 162 (56page)

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Since The Korean war three traditional Christian attitudes towards war and peace have recurred among Korean Christians. In Korea the "Just war" and the "Crusade" Attitudes may be brought together under one heading. The Just war and Crusade theory was represented by the Catholic and major denominations. And the third attitude of Christian Pacifism was represented mainly by Seventh-day Adventists and Jehovah`s Witnesses. But the reasoning by which Adventists and Jehovah`s Witnesses have supported their position as Conscientious Objectors is different. Jehovah`s Witness Conscientious Objectors have refused to comply with the Notice of Enlistment in any way. Civil courts have sentenced them to 18-26 month` s imprisonment. But since 1974 Jehovah`s Witness youths have been forced to enter the army by the legal power of the government. And they`ve to refuse to bear arms in the military training camp. As of May, 2002, about 1,600 are serving their sentences or are detained awaiting trials in the National Prison. Since the Korean war about 10,000 Jehovah`s Witness have been punished as Conscientious Objectors. But Seventh-day Adventist Conscientious Objectors were not evaders of military conscription. They have obeyed the order of enlistment and entered military service, but they refused to train with or use weapons. They wanted to be non-combatants and conscientious cooperators. They wanted to serve their country to the extend that God`s law allows. Until 1958, most Adventist noncombatants could get through their military service as noncombatants, sometimes with many hardships and sometimes with the good understandings of their senior officers and fellow soldiers. But since 1958, Adventist noncombatants have been given a military court martial and sentenced from 6 months to 5 years as refuser of a superior`s lawful order. Some Adventist noncombatants were sentenced 4 times for the same confession of noncombatancy. From 1958 to 2002, 96 Adventists have been punished as noncombatants and 6 Adventists were punished for following their Saturday Sabbath Keeping convictions. The tradition of Seventh-day Adventist`s noncombatancy was began in 1864 during the time of American Civil War. The Adventist noncombatant position was maintained through the 1st and 2nd wars. And in 1954 the General Conference session restated this position in an acton entitled, `The Relationships of Seventh-day Adventists to civil government and war." It states: "Genuine Christianity manifests itself in good citizenship and loyalty to civil government. The breaking out of war among men, however, in no way alters the Christian`s supreme allegiance and responsibility to God or modifies his obligation to practise his beliefs and put God` s law first. "This partnership with God through Jesus Christ who came into this world not to destroy mens lives, but to save them, causes Seventh -day Adventists to advocate a noncombatant position following their Divine Master in not taking human life, but rendering all possible service to save it. As they accept the obligation of citizenship as well as it benefit, their loyalty to government requires them willingly to serve the state in any noncombatant capacity, civil or military in war or peace, in uniform or out of it, which will contribute to saving life, asking only that they may serve in those capacities which do not violate their conscientious convictions." In 1934 Seventh-day Adventists church designed and started the Medical Cadet Corps, a program to prepare Adventist youth for assignment to medical corps in the event that a draft was inaugurated. This military-type training, sponsored by the Adventist church, helped equip Adventist youths to serve as noncombatant soldiers. And the Denomination`s attitude was appreciated by the U.S. Government, as were the services rendered by Adventist youths in the effort to relieve human suffering. This Medical Cadet Corps program was carried out in Korea from the 1950`s until the 19

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