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Swahili civilization has long been a subject of interest to African history students. We all know that Swahili civilization is the product of creolization among heterogenous cultures in and out of East Africa since the advent of Christian era. The Indian Ocean as a crucial maritime trading network had played a vital role for the birth of Swahili civilization. Mainstream research on Swahili society has largely focused on the origin and identity of Swahili.
This paper hypothesizes that the Indian Ocean, prior to 16th century, played a role of ‘world-systems’ and pursues the nature of Swahili civilization in connection with these world-systems. Egypt, Arabian peninsula, Persian Gulf, India and China were major economic powers then and maritime trade was a main traffic among them. These economic powers continuously looked for rare raw materials and African inlands which provided ivory, animal skin, slaves, gold and spices were very much attractive places for them. In exchange, overseas merchants brought cotton fabrics, silks, porcelain, and other luxuries.
Swahili societies monopolized trade by intermediating between these two partners. Based on seashore and inland waterways, Swahili societies were ideal to import foreign cultural and economic advantages. Foreign traders were reluctant to venture into African inlands, therefore, naturally, that became the monopoly of Swahili merchants. Swahili merchants thus developed unique economic entities.
This paper imports Wallenstine’s concept of ‘world-system’ and its concepts: ‘core’, ‘semi-periphery’ and ‘periphery’. The paper specially highlights ‘semi-periphery’ as the nature of Swahili which link African interlands ‘peripheries’ and overseas ‘cores’. Wallenstine’s concept, however, has a weak point by stressing ‘world-system’ as the product of European modernism. Abu-Lughod (1987-88; 2009) and Beaujard(2007) provide major references since they focuse on world-systems before European modernism (Abu-Lughod) and particularly on the role of Swahili societies in Indian Ocean world-systems (Beaujard).
Overall, Swahili societies played as intermediary merchant networks as merchantile and cultural ‘brokers’ and comfortably positioned themselves as ‘semi-peripheries’ in Indian Ocean world-systems.
This paper hypothesizes that the Indian Ocean, prior to 16th century, played a role of ‘world-systems’ and pursues the nature of Swahili civilization in connection with these world-systems. Egypt, Arabian peninsula, Persian Gulf, India and China were major economic powers then and maritime trade was a main traffic among them. These economic powers continuously looked for rare raw materials and African inlands which provided ivory, animal skin, slaves, gold and spices were very much attractive places for them. In exchange, overseas merchants brought cotton fabrics, silks, porcelain, and other luxuries.
Swahili societies monopolized trade by intermediating between these two partners. Based on seashore and inland waterways, Swahili societies were ideal to import foreign cultural and economic advantages. Foreign traders were reluctant to venture into African inlands, therefore, naturally, that became the monopoly of Swahili merchants. Swahili merchants thus developed unique economic entities.
This paper imports Wallenstine’s concept of ‘world-system’ and its concepts: ‘core’, ‘semi-periphery’ and ‘periphery’. The paper specially highlights ‘semi-periphery’ as the nature of Swahili which link African interlands ‘peripheries’ and overseas ‘cores’. Wallenstine’s concept, however, has a weak point by stressing ‘world-system’ as the product of European modernism. Abu-Lughod (1987-88; 2009) and Beaujard(2007) provide major references since they focuse on world-systems before European modernism (Abu-Lughod) and particularly on the role of Swahili societies in Indian Ocean world-systems (Beaujard).
Overall, Swahili societies played as intermediary merchant networks as merchantile and cultural ‘brokers’ and comfortably positioned themselves as ‘semi-peripheries’ in Indian Ocean world-systems.
목차
1. 들어가는 글
2. 스와힐리 정체성과 사회경제체제의 특징
3. 스와힐리 경제권의 이동과 스와힐리 문명의 확산
4. 동부와 남부 아프리카의 상업네트워크
5. 나가는 글
BIBLIOGRAPH
Abstract
참고문헌 (22)
참고문헌 신청
1. [단행본] - 재닛 아부-루고드 / 2009 / 유럽패권이전: 13 세기세계체제 / 까치
2. [단행본] - 필립 커틴 / 1984 / 경제인류학으로 본 세계무역의 역사 / 모티브
3. [단행본] - 페르낭 브로델 / 2001 / 물질문명과 자본주의 III-1: 세계의시간 (상) / 까치글방
4. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Abu-Lughod, J. / 1987 / The shape of the world system in the thirteenth century / Studies in Comparative International Development 22 (4) : 3 ~ 25
5. [단행본] - Austen, Ralph A. / 1987 / African Economic History: Internal Development and External Dependency / James Currey
2. [단행본] - 필립 커틴 / 1984 / 경제인류학으로 본 세계무역의 역사 / 모티브
3. [단행본] - 페르낭 브로델 / 2001 / 물질문명과 자본주의 III-1: 세계의시간 (상) / 까치글방
4. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Abu-Lughod, J. / 1987 / The shape of the world system in the thirteenth century / Studies in Comparative International Development 22 (4) : 3 ~ 25
5. [단행본] - Austen, Ralph A. / 1987 / African Economic History: Internal Development and External Dependency / James Currey
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