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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2003.6
- 수록면
- 291 - 313 (23page)
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My argument on Shakespeare's Measure for Measure and Bacon's New Atlantis is based on two premises: one is the well-known Baconian maxim that knowledge is power, and the other is Claudius's strategy of espying into others by means of "seeing but unseen." These two premises are closely correlated with a view to consolidating sovereign power. Court politics of the early modern period was characterized by a prevailing atmosphere of gazing, controlling and generalized espionage, recapitulating the change of the mechanisms of power from display to surveillance. The contemporary discourse of the voyage of discovery enabled the identification of desire for knowledge and information with the observing gaze, and this type of discourse also applied to the contemporary political arena. James I's use of the metaphor of the player king reflected an anxiety that his mysterious sovereignty might be penetrated and misread by his audience-subjects' observing gaze. This tension between the king and his audience involving superiority of vision induced James to bear another body, his invisible body, and convinced him of a style of divided kingship that offers and withdraws itself at once.
What is striking about Measure for Measure is that Angelo's every career, in the place of rule and in bed with Mariana as well, is entirely observed by the Duke's omniscient eyes. By transforming himself into a friar and by masking his face with a hood, the Duke carries out his rule in absentia, that is, through the sophisticated combination of visibility and invisibility. Not only Angelo but also other sexual criminals fail to escape the Duke's effective mode of surveillance, and his knowledge of their inner nature endows him with the superiority of power to Angelo who lacks the power of sight.
An utopian country, Bensalem, on which the European sailors are landing after a severe tempest, is a nation-state preoccupied with the law of secrecy-hidden and unseen to others and yet spying on the discoveries of others. The sailors are conditionally permitted to land and brought to the Stranger's House, in which they find themselves sequestered in each room according to social class and under the scrutinizing gaze of the Bensalemites. The enlightened lawgiver, Solamona, an effaced monarch, saw that the state should be protected from the outside world's invading gaze and the same time he sought means to extend its knowledge by way of sending its traveling sages abroad. In this state the secret accumulation of knowledge is a power working under the necessity of hiding its own presence. Bacon's utopia, therefore, is not so much simply and idealistically seeking an escape as offering a remodelling of a political structure which redeems the political mechanism of surveillance.
What is striking about Measure for Measure is that Angelo's every career, in the place of rule and in bed with Mariana as well, is entirely observed by the Duke's omniscient eyes. By transforming himself into a friar and by masking his face with a hood, the Duke carries out his rule in absentia, that is, through the sophisticated combination of visibility and invisibility. Not only Angelo but also other sexual criminals fail to escape the Duke's effective mode of surveillance, and his knowledge of their inner nature endows him with the superiority of power to Angelo who lacks the power of sight.
An utopian country, Bensalem, on which the European sailors are landing after a severe tempest, is a nation-state preoccupied with the law of secrecy-hidden and unseen to others and yet spying on the discoveries of others. The sailors are conditionally permitted to land and brought to the Stranger's House, in which they find themselves sequestered in each room according to social class and under the scrutinizing gaze of the Bensalemites. The enlightened lawgiver, Solamona, an effaced monarch, saw that the state should be protected from the outside world's invading gaze and the same time he sought means to extend its knowledge by way of sending its traveling sages abroad. In this state the secret accumulation of knowledge is a power working under the necessity of hiding its own presence. Bacon's utopia, therefore, is not so much simply and idealistically seeking an escape as offering a remodelling of a political structure which redeems the political mechanism of surveillance.
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