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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
김명식 (조선대학교)
저널정보
미국헌법학회 미국헌법연구 美國憲法硏究 第20卷 第1號
발행연도
2009.2
수록면
219 - 253 (35page)

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With many federal courts facing burgeoning caseloads and persistent judicial vacancies, senior judges play a vital role in the continued well-being of the federal Judiciary. Despite the importance of their participation in the judicial process, however, senior judges raise a host of constitutional concerns that have escaped the notice of scholars and courts. Many of the problems originate with recent changes to the statute authorizing federal judges to elect senior status, including a 1989 law that permits senior judges to fulfill their statutory responsibilities by performing entirely nonjudicial work. Others arise from the ambiguity of the statutory scheme itself, which seems to suggest that senior status represents a separate constitutional office requiring reappointment, even though senior judges nominally "retain" judicial office under federal law.
This study addresses the constitutionality of senior judges, examining two general constitutional questions: first, whether the requirement that senior judges be designated and assigned by another federal judge before performing any judicial work violates the tenure protection of Article Ⅲ; and second, whether allowing judges to elect senior status, without a second, intervening appointment, violates the Appointments Clause.
Consequently, this paper concludes that the current statute authorizing senior judges raises serious constitutional problems that Congress, the Judicial Conference of the United States, or the courts should address. To that end, this article formulates a number of straightforward suggestions to repair senior status without sacrificing any of the considerable benefits that senior judges confer on the federal Judiciary.

목차

Ⅰ. 서
Ⅱ. 임기보장조항 위반여부
Ⅲ. 임명조항 위반여부
Ⅳ. 결
[Abstract]
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