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A Study of Ethics and Politics Based on Derrida's and Agamben's Human/Animal Relation
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데리다와 아감벤의 인간/동물관계에 근거한 윤리학과 정치학에 대한 연구

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Gu Jakwang (울산과학대)
Journal
The New Korean Association of English Language and Literature The New Korean Journal of English Language and Literature Vol.51 No.3 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2009.8
Pages
1 - 21 (21page)

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A Study of Ethics and Politics Based on Derrida's and Agamben's Human/Animal Relation
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This paper aims to interpret Jacques Derrida’s and Giorgio Agamben’s ethical and political projects in terms of human/animal relations. They maintain that division of human/animal has been produced by operations of ‘conceptual machinery’ (Derrida) or ‘anthropological machinery’ (Agamben). In either case, the division has been established through the sacrifice of animals by the ‘particular’ species, humans. Conceptual and anthropological machinery has been instituted as the ‘sacrificial structure.’ Human/animal relations began with the ‘initial violence’ to animals. Derrida’s acknowledgment that sacrifice is inevitable in any case leads him to thinking about institutions founded on ‘the least violence.’ Agamben claims the necessity to sever any ‘nexus’ or ‘joint’ that links human/animal life to institutions based on sacrifice.
In Derrida, ‘re-founding’ or ‘inventing’ a new ‘least bad’ institution starts with the coming animal others. The coming others make the machinery ‘out of joint’ which will drive humans to ‘invent’ a ‘least bad law and politics.’ Thus arises inevitable negotiations between the coming others and the existing machinery. Derrida will wait for the others to come and after that he can try any new political projects. The problem in Derrida seems to be that coming others can be used to serve the existing machinery just by providing opportunities to make the machinery work more effectively, less violently. Derrida would not give up the idea of improvement with all his deconstructive strategies.
Agamben tries to just render any institutional divisions ‘in-opera-tive.’ By ‘severing the nexus’ in the machinery that has produced divisions, inclusion/exception, everything will return to its ‘original context’ in which no sacrificial exclusion was instituted. Instead of proposing any alternative institutions which will lead to the same stalemate as before, Agamben’s political action of ‘division of divisions’ is just to return everything to its original ‘free usage.’ Following Benjamin, Agamben believes a possibility of ‘happy life’ could arise from ‘free usage’ of things liberated from the machinery. The ‘coming community’ can start with the free and liberated things. Agamben’s project can open a totally revolutionary possibility.
#Jacques Derrida #Giorgio Agamben #human/animal relation #'conceptual machinery' #'anthropological machinery #' 'sacrificial structure' #'the least violence' #'out of joint' #'refound' #improvement #'operation' #'in-opera-tive' #'sever the nexus' #'free usage' #revolution

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References (31)

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1. [학술지(정기간행물)] - 구자광 / 2008 / ＂도래할 민주주의＂: 지젝 vs. 데리다 / 라깡과 현대정신분석 10 (2) : 7 ~ 26 dbpia 2. [단행본] - 조르조 아감벤 / 2008 / 호모 사케르: 주권 권력과 벌거벗은 생명 / 새물결 google schola 3. [단행본] - Agamben, Giorgio / 1993 / The Coming Community. Trans. Michael Hardt / U of Minnesota P google schola 4. [단행본] - Agamben, Giorgio / 1998 / Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life / Stanford UP, google schola 5. [단행본] - Agamben, Giorgio / 1995 / The Idea of Prose. Trans. Michael Sullivan and Sam Whitsitt / SUNY Press google schola

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