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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
동아시아일본학회 일본문화연구 日本文化硏究 第28輯
발행연도
2008.10
수록면
21 - 46 (26page)

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In this paper, I examine the relation of stativity and the irrealis, i.e., hypothetical or counterfactual, interpretation of conditionals in Japanese, lead by the conditional suffixes -tara and -reba. In Japanese, there are no grammatical forms especially reserved to express irrealis conditionals. The same forms used for indicativeconditionals can be interpreted either as counterfactual or non-counterfactual, depending on the context. It has been observed in the literature that stative forms in conditional premises are amenable to irrealis interpretations more easily than non-statives. Some scholars (Jacobsen(1990)among others) assume that statives are forms inherently associated with irrealis meaning. In this paper I argue, contra Jacobsen (1990), that the statives when used in conditional premises are associated with irrealis meaning because they refer to a state of affairs the truth of which has already been determined. Conditional premises lead by -tara and -reba, serve to add a proposition to a set of assumptions already known to the speaker, so that s/he candraw logical conclusions on the basis of newly created set of premises. Adding a premise the truth of which is already determined serves either of the following two functions. If the speaker does not know the truth of the premise, it serves to signify a non-counterfactual premise. The premise is to be interpreted as hypothetical, since the speaker is making a hypothesis as to the state of affairs already present. If the speaker knows the truth of the premise, on the other hand, the proposition expressed in the premise must, by definition, be a member of the set of assumptions known to him/her to be true. Notice asserting q is more informative than asserting p-reba/tara q, if p is known to be true. Using p-reba/tara as a conditional premise should, therefore, be avoided when the speaker knows that p is true by Gricean maxim of quantity. Thus, when the speaker knows the truth value of the premise, the only way to make p-reba/tara meaningful is to use it as a counterfactual premise.

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