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학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술대회자료
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2005.6
- 수록면
- 265 - 276 (12page)
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초록· 키워드
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The AP-1 (activator protein 1) protein is the bZip group of DNA binding transcription factors belonging to protooncogenes. The AP-1 is composed of Jun family members (c-Jun, JunB and JunD) and Fos family members (c-Fos, FosB, Fra-1 and Fra-2). Jun proteins form both homodimers and heterodimers with Fos proteins, whereas Fos proteins do not form homodimers and require heterodimerization to bind DNA. The AP-1 regulates a wide range of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, survival, differentiation and death. However, despite increasing knowledge regarding the physiological functions of AP-1, the roles of AP-1 in the early development of vertebrate were hardly elucidated. Through our previous investigations, the involvement of AP-1 in mesoderm induction as a major downstream mediator of FGF signaling and AP-1 (Jun-Jun homodimer) involvement in BMP-4 signaling have been demonstrated.
While further investigating the roles of AP-1 in the early development of vertebrate using Xenopus animal cap explants, it was found that AP-1(c-Jun and c-Fos) might mediate activin signaling which is well known as dorsal mesoderm and neural inducer in early Xenopus development. Ectopic overexpression of two components of AP-1 (c-jun and c-fos together, but not alone) induced several markers that could be induced only by activin or smad2/3 (activin signal mediators), but not by any concentration of FGF treatment in the animal cap explants culture. AP-1 transcription activity was regulated by dose-dependent manner of activin treatment. Ectopic overexpression of AP-1 activated the promoter activities of several activin responsive genes. Also the inhibition of AP-1 activity using morpholino c-juns blocked morphological change, gene expression and AP-1 Luciferase activity increased by activin. Additionally, co-injection of c-jun mRNA rescued the morpholino c-juns effects for activin. Smad-mediated-function in downstream of activin signaling was also turned out to be mediated by AP-1. These results suggest that hederodimeric c-Jun and c-Fos may have roles in activin signaling for the regulation of dorsal mesoderm and neural formation.
On the other hand, another heterodimeric component of AP-1 (JunD and c-Fos) had opposite effect to the heterodimeric AP-1 of c-Jun and c-Fos during Xenopus development. Ectopic overexpression of the heterodimeric components of AP-1 (junD and c-fos together, but not alone) induced several ventral markers and ventral blood island markers (hematopoietic transcription factors and globin) that could be induced usually by BMP-4 signaling, a critical ventralizing factor and inducers of hematopoietic stem cell. Also ectopic overexpression of junD and c-fos activated the promoter activities of ventral mesoderm and primitive hematopoietic markers. Further investigation of co-injection with junD/c-fos and BMP-4 mRNAs suggest that heterodimeric JunD and c-Fos have synergic effect with BMP-4 for hematopoiesis. Moreover it was found that BMP-4 was necessary for blood formation induced by heterodimeric JunD and c-Fos. Taken together, the results suggest that heterodimeric c-Jun and c-Fos may be required for dorsal mesoderm formation and neurogenesis as a downstream of activin signaling, and heterodimeric JunD and c-Fos may have an important role in blood formation, in synergy with BMP-4, during Xenopus development. Taken together, the results indicate that AP-1 may have important roles by formation of different complexes of AP-1 components and may be involved in the developmentally critical signalings during the early development of vertebrate embryos.
While further investigating the roles of AP-1 in the early development of vertebrate using Xenopus animal cap explants, it was found that AP-1(c-Jun and c-Fos) might mediate activin signaling which is well known as dorsal mesoderm and neural inducer in early Xenopus development. Ectopic overexpression of two components of AP-1 (c-jun and c-fos together, but not alone) induced several markers that could be induced only by activin or smad2/3 (activin signal mediators), but not by any concentration of FGF treatment in the animal cap explants culture. AP-1 transcription activity was regulated by dose-dependent manner of activin treatment. Ectopic overexpression of AP-1 activated the promoter activities of several activin responsive genes. Also the inhibition of AP-1 activity using morpholino c-juns blocked morphological change, gene expression and AP-1 Luciferase activity increased by activin. Additionally, co-injection of c-jun mRNA rescued the morpholino c-juns effects for activin. Smad-mediated-function in downstream of activin signaling was also turned out to be mediated by AP-1. These results suggest that hederodimeric c-Jun and c-Fos may have roles in activin signaling for the regulation of dorsal mesoderm and neural formation.
On the other hand, another heterodimeric component of AP-1 (JunD and c-Fos) had opposite effect to the heterodimeric AP-1 of c-Jun and c-Fos during Xenopus development. Ectopic overexpression of the heterodimeric components of AP-1 (junD and c-fos together, but not alone) induced several ventral markers and ventral blood island markers (hematopoietic transcription factors and globin) that could be induced usually by BMP-4 signaling, a critical ventralizing factor and inducers of hematopoietic stem cell. Also ectopic overexpression of junD and c-fos activated the promoter activities of ventral mesoderm and primitive hematopoietic markers. Further investigation of co-injection with junD/c-fos and BMP-4 mRNAs suggest that heterodimeric JunD and c-Fos have synergic effect with BMP-4 for hematopoiesis. Moreover it was found that BMP-4 was necessary for blood formation induced by heterodimeric JunD and c-Fos. Taken together, the results suggest that heterodimeric c-Jun and c-Fos may be required for dorsal mesoderm formation and neurogenesis as a downstream of activin signaling, and heterodimeric JunD and c-Fos may have an important role in blood formation, in synergy with BMP-4, during Xenopus development. Taken together, the results indicate that AP-1 may have important roles by formation of different complexes of AP-1 components and may be involved in the developmentally critical signalings during the early development of vertebrate embryos.
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-510-016368370