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This study was undertaken to determine the antagonism of the ginseng total saponin (GTS) on the development of nalbuphine-induced tolerance and physical dependence. GTS is known to have antinarcotic action with a dose of 100㎎/kg (i.p.) in rats. GTS significantly inhibits the development of nalbuphine-induced physical dependence as well as the tolerance. The level of pCRES was elevated in the striatum by the chronic treatment with nalbuphine or GTS, however, the elevation of pCRES was inhibited by the GTS co-treatment. It has been suggested that NMDA receptor and/or NO is involved in the penomena of opioid dependence and withdrawal. However, the level of nNOS and NRI was not modulated by the treatment with nalbuphine or GIS on the cortex, hippocampus and striatum in the rat brain. These results suggest that the GTS could be used to ameliorate the nalbuphine tolerance and withdrawal symptoms.

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-524-017764345