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Although the mentioning of Nihonshogi(日本書紀) for the study of ancient Korean history and ancient Korean-Japan relationship has been increased recently, study on Nihonshagi itself was not enough. The Korean historians have even referred Nihonshogi to uncover ancient Korean history without considering of the nature of Nihonshogi, prompting the effort to identify what Nihonshogi is.
Here I reviewed the methodology of Nihonshogi study by rearanging study history of the following topics: Ⅰ) how Nihonshogi was organized (the compilation), Ⅱ) what are the characteristics of sentences and organization (the classification), Ⅲ) what kinds of original references were used to write Nihonshagi and classical books were used to make up the story in Nihonshogi (the source), Ⅳ) how the chronological arrangement of Nihonshogi can be compared to the actual historical times (the chronology).
In chapterⅡ "Regarding the compilation of Nihonshogi",①original title ② organization, ③ procedure of compilation, ④ compiler and ⑤attitude of compilation were introduced. In this chapter, I confirmed that two contradictory compilation positions were co-existed in Nihonshogi. One of them is fabrication and embellishment of the articles in order to emphasize the history of the royal family of the single origin and to stress the constitutional state ruled by the Tennou. The other is an attitude of compiling as many materials as possible for the later judgement if there is any discrepancy in the existing article. While the former can be the position of Nihonshogi as a fabricated compilation, the latter can be the position of Nihonshogi as a historical recording. These two contradictory characteristics have to be considered before referring Nihonshogi.
In chapterⅢ "Regarding the classification of Nlhonshogi", the classifications according to① styles of writings, ②Kana characters, ③ uneven annotation, ④syntax ⑤ cited materials and ⑥Japanese pronounciation of the chinese characters were reorganized in the tables. The volumes 14 - 21 and 24 - 27 seemed to be written by the Japanese of Chinese origin and the volumes 1 - 13, 22 - 23 and 28 - 29 seemed to be written by the Japanese originals considering their command of chinese language, confirming that the authors of Nihonshogi was clearly distinguished around Yuuryak-ki(雄略紀).
In chapter Ⅳ "Regarding the sources of NihonShogi", studies of the references for compilation of the articles and embellishment of the sentences in NihonShogi were organized. Examples, distribution and attitude of the citation of the original sources were arranged in the following sections of ① Teiki(帝紀) and kuji(舊辭), 2) family hereditaries, 3) Kudarasansho(百濟三書), 4) chinese classical books, 5) official documents, 6) personal writings and 7) founding stories of temples and shrines. I also made a point that the fabrication and embellishment of Kudarasansho writings for the sake of Japan Of Paikche must be considered. The descriptions of Tennou (天皇) and Kikoku (貴國) are examples for the sake of Japan. It can be the case for the sake of Paikche that the diplomatic assertion of Paikche Sungwang (聖王) to Kaya in 6th century was invented into the subjugation of Kara seven countries in the Jinguu-ki(神功紀) of 4th century. We must be critical of the fabrication and embellishment for Paikche as much as of those for Japan.
In chapter Ⅴ "Regarding the chronology of Nihonshogi", the methodologies and history of the chronological study applied so far were introduced following the periodic shift by the sections of ①Edo-Period, ② Meiji-Period and ③ post World War Ⅱ. It was also discussed that the Japanese original calender counting a year to two years according to spring plowing and fall harvesting could be existed before the introduction of Chinese calender to Japan. The exceptional longevity of the ancient kings and the difference of age description in Kojiki(古事記) and Nihonshogi support the possibility. It has also been suggested that the way may be used in adjustment of the actual periods of the reigns of the Kings of Koguryo, Paikche, Shilla and Kaya.
Here I reviewed the methodology of Nihonshogi study by rearanging study history of the following topics: Ⅰ) how Nihonshogi was organized (the compilation), Ⅱ) what are the characteristics of sentences and organization (the classification), Ⅲ) what kinds of original references were used to write Nihonshagi and classical books were used to make up the story in Nihonshogi (the source), Ⅳ) how the chronological arrangement of Nihonshogi can be compared to the actual historical times (the chronology).
In chapterⅡ "Regarding the compilation of Nihonshogi",①original title ② organization, ③ procedure of compilation, ④ compiler and ⑤attitude of compilation were introduced. In this chapter, I confirmed that two contradictory compilation positions were co-existed in Nihonshogi. One of them is fabrication and embellishment of the articles in order to emphasize the history of the royal family of the single origin and to stress the constitutional state ruled by the Tennou. The other is an attitude of compiling as many materials as possible for the later judgement if there is any discrepancy in the existing article. While the former can be the position of Nihonshogi as a fabricated compilation, the latter can be the position of Nihonshogi as a historical recording. These two contradictory characteristics have to be considered before referring Nihonshogi.
In chapterⅢ "Regarding the classification of Nlhonshogi", the classifications according to① styles of writings, ②Kana characters, ③ uneven annotation, ④syntax ⑤ cited materials and ⑥Japanese pronounciation of the chinese characters were reorganized in the tables. The volumes 14 - 21 and 24 - 27 seemed to be written by the Japanese of Chinese origin and the volumes 1 - 13, 22 - 23 and 28 - 29 seemed to be written by the Japanese originals considering their command of chinese language, confirming that the authors of Nihonshogi was clearly distinguished around Yuuryak-ki(雄略紀).
In chapter Ⅳ "Regarding the sources of NihonShogi", studies of the references for compilation of the articles and embellishment of the sentences in NihonShogi were organized. Examples, distribution and attitude of the citation of the original sources were arranged in the following sections of ① Teiki(帝紀) and kuji(舊辭), 2) family hereditaries, 3) Kudarasansho(百濟三書), 4) chinese classical books, 5) official documents, 6) personal writings and 7) founding stories of temples and shrines. I also made a point that the fabrication and embellishment of Kudarasansho writings for the sake of Japan Of Paikche must be considered. The descriptions of Tennou (天皇) and Kikoku (貴國) are examples for the sake of Japan. It can be the case for the sake of Paikche that the diplomatic assertion of Paikche Sungwang (聖王) to Kaya in 6th century was invented into the subjugation of Kara seven countries in the Jinguu-ki(神功紀) of 4th century. We must be critical of the fabrication and embellishment for Paikche as much as of those for Japan.
In chapter Ⅴ "Regarding the chronology of Nihonshogi", the methodologies and history of the chronological study applied so far were introduced following the periodic shift by the sections of ①Edo-Period, ② Meiji-Period and ③ post World War Ⅱ. It was also discussed that the Japanese original calender counting a year to two years according to spring plowing and fall harvesting could be existed before the introduction of Chinese calender to Japan. The exceptional longevity of the ancient kings and the difference of age description in Kojiki(古事記) and Nihonshogi support the possibility. It has also been suggested that the way may be used in adjustment of the actual periods of the reigns of the Kings of Koguryo, Paikche, Shilla and Kaya.
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 書紀編纂論
Ⅲ. 書紀區分論
Ⅳ. 書紀出典論
Ⅴ. 書紀紀年論
Ⅵ. 맺음말
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-911-014535036