이 연구는 6세트 벤치프레스 운동시 운동강도와 휴식조건의 따른 반복횟수, 총운동량, 심박수회복률, 혈액점도, 적혈구용적률, 수치평가척도, 휴식시간의 변화에 대한 분석이 목적이 있다. 운동조건은 운동강도(2)와 휴식조건(2)에 따라 Type1[85%1RM·3min], Type2[85%1RM·HR], Type3[50%1RM·3min], Type4 [50%1RM·HR]로 4가지이다.
연구 대상자는 저항운동 경력 12개월 이상의 남성으로 선정하였으며, 실험 시작 시작 1주일 전 연구대상자 별 85%1RM과 50%1RM을 측정하였다.
반복횟수는 모든 세트에서 측정하였으며, 총운동량은 측정된 85%1RM과 50%1RM과 실시한 반복횟수를 곱하여 세트별 총운동량 조건별 총운동량을 산출하였다.
심박수는 안정시와 실험 중 계속 측정하여 운동직후 심박수, 운동직전 심박수, 안정시 심박수를 토대로 산출하였다.
혈액점도는 운동 전·후로 채혈을 실시하여 3시간 이내로 측정하였으며, 적혈구용적률 역시 운동 전·후로 채혈을 실시하여 24시간 이내로 혈액분석 전문기관에 의뢰하였다.
수치평가척도는 벤치프레스 실시 전, 6세트 벤치프레스 종료 후, 24시간 후, 48시간 후 72시간 후에 측정하였다.
세트 간 휴식시간은 심박수 기준 휴식조건 벤치프레스 운동 시 세트 간 휴식 중 시간을 측정하였으며, 전 세트 운동중 바를 저항운동기구에 거치하는 시점부터 심박수가 100~105bpm 안으로 들어온 시점까지의 시간을 측정하였다.
운동조건(4)과 세트(6)에 따른 반복횟수의 차이는 반복측정 이원변량분석(Repeated two-way ANOVA)을 사용하였으며, 운동조건 간 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 simple과 repeated 방법을, 세트 간 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 helmert 방법을 사용하여 사후비교를 하였다.
운동조건(4)에 따른 총운동량의 차이는 반복측정 일원변량분석(Repeated one-way ANOVA) 방법으로 분석하였으며, 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 deviation 방법을 통해 사후비교하였다.
운동조건(4)과 세트(6)에 따른 세트별 총운동량은 반복측정 이원변량분석(Repeated two-way ANOVA) 방법으로 분석하였으며, 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 repeated 방법을 사용하여 사후비교 하였다.
운동조건(4)과 휴식기(6)에 따른 심박수회복률은 반복측정 이원변량분석(Repeated two-way ANOVA) 방법으로 분석하였으며, 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 simple(first)과 deviation 방법을 통해 사후비교하였다.
운동조건과(4) 운동 전·후(2)에 따른 혈액점도과 적혈구용적률은 반복측정 이원변량분석(Repeated two-way ANOVA)을 사용하였으며, 운동조건(4) 간 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 deviation방법을, 운동 전·후(2) 간 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 repeated 방법을 사용하여 사후비교를 하였다.
운동조건과(4) 시기(9)에 따른 수치평가척도는 반복측정 이원변량분석(Repeated two-way ANOVA)을 사용하였으며, 운동조건(4) 간 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 deviation방법을, 시기(5) 간 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 Helmert 방법을 사용하여 사후비교를 하였다.
운동조건과(4) 세트 간 휴식(5)에 따른 세트 간 휴식시간은 반복측정 이원변량분석(Repeated two-way ANOVA)을 사용하였으며, 운동조건(4) 간 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 deviation 방법을, 세트 간 휴식(5) 간 유의한 차이가 있는 경우 repeated 방법을 사용하여 사후비교를 하였다.
첫째, 벤치프레스 운동 시 운동조건과 세트에 따른 반복횟수는 운동조건에 따른 유의한 차이를 보였으며(p<.001), 세트에 따라서도 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.001). 운동조건과 세트에 따른 상호작용 효과가 있었다(p<.001).
둘째, 벤치프레스 운동 시 운동조건과 세트에 따른 총운동량은 운동조건에 따른 유의한 차이를 보였으며(p<.001), 세트에 따라서도 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.001). 운동조건과 세트에 따른 상호작용 효과가 있었다(p<.001).
셋째, 벤치프레스 운동 시 운동조건과 세트 간 휴식에 따른 심박수회복률은 운동조건에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 세트 간에는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.001). 운동조건과 세트 간 상호작용 효과가 있었다(p<.001).
넷째, 벤치프레스 운동 시 운동조건과 운동 전·후에 따른 혈액점도는 운동조건에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 운동 전·후에는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.001). 운동조건과 운동 전·후 상호작용 효과가 있었다(p<.05).
다섯째, 벤치프레스 운동 시 운동조건과 운동 전·후에 따른 적혈구용적률은 운동조건에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 운동 전·후에는 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.001). 운동조건과 운동 전·후 상호작용 효과가 나타나지 않았다.
여섯째, 벤치프레스 운동 시 운동조건과 시기에 따른 수치평가척도는 운동조건에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며(p<.05), 시기에서도 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p<.001). 운동조건과 시기는 상호작용 효과가 나타났다(p<.001).
일곱째, 운동조건과 세트 간 휴식에 따른 휴식시간은 세트간 휴식 간에는 차이가 없었으며, 운동조건 간에는 차이가 나타났다(p<.001). 운동조건과 세트간 휴식 간에 상호작용 효과가 나타났다(p<.001).
이 연구에서 운동 수행능력을 저하시킬 수 있는 통증(수치평가척도), 혈액점도, 적혈구용적률이 동일 운동 강도 조건에서 휴식방법 간 차이가 나타나지 않음에도 불구하고 반복횟수와 총운동량이 운동 강도 조건 간에 차이가 나타나지 않은 결과로 보아 세트 간 휴식을 기존의 완전휴식 기준인 3분을 취하는 저항운동 방법보다 심박수가 100bpm 까지 떨어졌을 때 다음 세트를 시작하는 휴식방법으로 실시하는 저항운동 방법이 시간적인 측면에서 효율적이라 생각된다.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the change of the number of repetitions, total exercise volume, heart rate recovery rate, blood viscosity, red blood cell volume, numerical evaluation scale, and rest time according to exercise intensity and rest conditions during 6 set bench press exercise. exercise condition were four criteria, the Type 1 [85%1RM·3min], Type 2 [85%1RM·HR], Type 3 [50%1RM·3min], and Type 4 [50%1RM·HR], depending on the exercise intensity(2) and rest condition(2).
The subjects were men with more than 12 months of resistance exercise experience, and 85%1RM and 50%1RM were measured for each subject one week before the start of the experiment.
The number of repetitions was measured in all sets, and the total momentum was calculated by multiplying the measured 85% and 50% of 1RM and the number of repetitions.
Heart rate was measured constantly during rest and right before and after the exercise.
Blood viscosity was acquired within 3 hours by blood sampling before and after exercise, and the hematocrit ratio was also collected before and after exercise, and it was commissioned by a blood analysis facility within 24 hours.
The numerical rating scale was measured before the bench press, after the end of the six set bench press, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours later.
The time of resting between sets was measured during the 6set bench press exercise under the resting condition of heart rate. The resting time from the time when the bar was placed on the resistance exercise equipment during the whole set exercise to the time when the heart rate entered 100 ~ 105bpm was measured.
The difference of the number of repetitions according to the exercise conditions(4) and the sets(6) was analyzed by utilizing repeated two-way ANOVA. The simple and repeated method was used when there was a significant difference between the exercise conditions, and the Helmert method was used for the posthoc test between the sets.
The difference of total exercise based on exercise condition(4) was analyzed by repeated one-way ANOVA method, and it was compared contrast by deviation method if there was a significant difference.
The recovery rate of heart rate depending on exercise conditions(4) and sets(6) was represented by utilizing Repeated two-way ANOVA, and post hoc test was conducted through simple (first) and deviation methods if there was a significant differences.
The blood viscosity and hematocrit according to exercise conditions(4) and before and after the exercise(2) were compared by repeated two-way ANOVA. If there was a significant difference in exercise conditions(4), the deviation method was used. On the other hand, the repeated method was utilized for the significant differences in before and after exercise(2) to conduct the post hoc test.
The numerical evaluation scale depending on the exercise condition(4) and the period(9) was analyzed by repeated two-way ANOVA. The deviation method was used when there was a significant difference in the exercise conditions(4), while the Helmert method was used when there was a significant difference in the periods(5) to perform the post hoc test.
Depending on exercise condition (4) and rest between sets, the amount of rest between sets was represented via the Repeated two-way ANOVA. If there was a significant difference in exercise condition (4), the deviation method was utilized, whereas the repeated method was utilized when there was a significant difference in rest(5) to perform post hoc test.
First, the number of repetitions according to exercise conditions and sets during bench press exercise showed a significant difference in exercise conditions(p<.001) and set (p<.001). There was an interaction effect between exercise condition and set(p<.001).
Second, the total exercise amount according to exercise condition and set during bench press exercise showed a significant difference in exercise condition (p<.001) and set(p<.001). There was an interaction effect according to exercise condition and set(p<.001).
Third, the recovery rate of heart rate according to the exercise condition and rest between the sets during the bench press exercise did not show a statistically significant difference in exercise condition, while there was a significant difference between the sets (p<.001). There was a significant interaction effect between exercise condition and set(p<.001).
Fourth, the blood viscosity according to the exercise condition and before and after the exercise during bench press exercise did not show a statistically significant difference in exercise condition, whereas there was a significant difference before and after the exercise (p<.001). There was a significant interaction effect between exercise condition and before and after exercise(p<.05).
Fifth, the red blood cell volume ratio according to exercise condition and before and after exercise did not show a statistically significant difference in exercise condition. However, there was a significant difference in before and after exercise(p<.001). There was no interaction effect between exercise condition and before and after exercise.
Sixth, the numerical evaluation scale according to exercise condition and time during bench press exercise showed a statistically significant difference in exercise condition(p<.05) and time(p<.001). The interaction effect of exercise condition and time was shown(p<.001).
Seventh, there was no difference in the amount of rest according to the exercise condition and the rest between each set, while there was a difference between the exercise conditions(p<.001). There was an interaction effect between exercise condition and set rest(p<.001).
In this study, although there was no difference between resting methods in the same exercise intensity conditions, there was no difference between the number of repetitions and the total exercise intensity conditions. Therefore, it is considered that the resistance exercise method that starts the next set when the heart rate drops to 100bpm is more efficient in terms of time than the resistance exercise method that takes 3 minutes, which is the existing complete rest standard.