The 90% Ethanol extract of Corni Fructus was fractionated and active components (morrorniside, loganin) were isolated for functional food materialization. 90% Ethanol extract of Corni Fructus were fractioned according to solvent polarity (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol), and ethyl acetate fraction was highest antioxidant capacities (total phenolic contents; 145.84 GAE mg/100 mL, DPPH radical scavenging activity; 7.91 mM GAE, FRAP activity; 18.86 mM TE, ABTS radical scavenging activity; 13.36 mM TE). Diaion HP 20 gel was used for ethyl acetate fraction with excellent antioxidant activity, and obtained 20, 40, 60, 80% ethanol fractions. 40% ethanol fraction were the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (10.22 mM GAE), ABTS radical scavenging activity (37.29 mM TE), and FRAP activity (27.32 mM TE) (P<0.05). The antioxidant contents of total phenolic compound content (580.84 GAE mg/100 mL), total flavonoid content (166.24 CE mg/100 mL), and total anthocyanin content (0.74 mg/100 mL) showed the same trend as the result of antioxidant activity. Ethyl acetate fractions were fractionated using Diaion HP 20 gel and showed the highest antioxidant activity in 40% ethanol fractions.
Pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity and antimicrobial activity were measured to determine the physiological activities of the extracts and solvent fractions of Corni Fructus. As a result of antioxidant activity, pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity was highest in ethyl acetate fraction (P<0.05). 20% Ethanol fraction was the highest (P<0.05), which was different from the antioxidant activity.
Antimicrobial activity was the highest in ethyl acetate fraction for all strains (B. cereus, S. aureus, E. coli O157: H7, S. typhimurium) and showed higher activity against positive bacteria than negative bacteria (P<0.05). In addition, the antimicrobial activity of the fraction by Diaion HP 20 was highest in the 20% ethanol fraction (P<0.05), which was the same as the pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity.
TLC of the active components of ethyl acetate fraction with high antioxidant activity showed that the Rf of morroniside and loganin was 0.43 and 0.37, respectively. Two components were identified in ethyl acetate fraction and 40% ethanol fraction with excellent antioxidant activity, and their contents were determined by HPLC. Active components (morroniside and loganin) confirmed in ethyl acetate fraction with high antioxidant capacities (P<0.05). The 40% ethanol fraction showed the highest contents of morroniside and loganin which were identified by UPLC-MS (P<0.05).