The purpose of this study is to derive the key competencies and behavior indicators of Vessel Traffic Service Operators (VTSOs) and to develop a key competency-based curriculum for newly recruited VTSOs.
To achieve this purpose, the following research questions were posed:

First, what are the key competencies of VTSOs that are required for their successful job performance, and what behavior indicators can be applied as a evaluating criteria of gauging that the identified key competencies are effectively achieved?

Second, according to the results yielded from the Question 1, how should a competency-based curriculum for newly recruited VTSOs be organized?

To respond to these questions, two methodologies were applied in a phased manner: competency modeling and competency-based curriculum development.
The findings of this study are as follows. In terms of competency modeling, first, three categories of competencies (i.e., vessel traffic management, communication, and supporting tasks) were identified, with 11 macro-competencies and 36 micro-competencies. A wide range of research methods, including preliminary research, relevant institutional system analysis, focus group interview, and the Delphi survey method, were applied for this purpose.
Based on the findings, in addition, a competency-based curriculum for newly recruited VTSOs was established. The curriculum was comprised of 14 sections and 366 class hours by dividing it into two different stages of VTS training courses, or basic and specialized in-depth training, respectively with 96 hours (7 sections) and 270 hours (7 sections). The curriculum also suggests a curriculum profiles, which includes detailed definitions of the curriculum, competencies, behavior indicators, competency development methods, and educational goals, in each part of the courses.
The results of this study will contribute to the future training program design and development for newly recruited VTSOs, and its effective operation, which ultimately contribute to the enhancement of the national competency standards of the VTS organization.