국산 및 중국산 비자 열매의 항산화 활성과 유효성분 비교 :Comparison of antioxidant activities and its effective compounds from Torreya nucifera and Torreya grandis

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자료유형: 학위논문

저자정보: 김샛별 (동의대학교, 동의대학교 대학원)

지도교수: 현숙경

발행연도: 2018

저작권: 동의대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.

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이 논문의 연구 히스토리 (2)

2018

한국산 및 중국산 비자 열매의 항산화 활성과 유효성분 비교

김샛별 , 김병우 , 현숙경 한국식품과학회지 2018.06 학술저널

국산 및 중국산 비자 열매의 항산화 활성과 유효성분 비교

김샛별 식품영양학과 2018.01 학위논문

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체내에서 생성되는 활성 산소는 세포내 항산화 효소에 의해 조절되거나 식품으로부터 섭취되는 항산화 성분에 의해 소거되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 즉, 항산화제는 인체 내의 대사과정에서 발생하는 유해한 활성 산소에 의한 지질 과산화 반응 등의 산화 작용을 억제하여 세포막 및 적혈구 파괴를 방지, 발암물질의 생성을 억제하고 세포의 노화를 억제하는 물질로써, 천연 항산화제와 합성 항산화제가 있다. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)과 butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)과 같은 합성 항산화제는 우수한 항산화 효과 및 경제성에도 불구하고 과량으로 섭취할 경우 암 유발 가능성의 안전성이 논란이 되고 있다. 따라서 천연 물질로부터 안전성과 항산화력이 우수한 물질을 탐색하는 노력과 항산화제 개발을 위한 연구가 활발히 행해지고있다. 비자 열매(Torreya nucifera)는 우리나라의 남부지방과 일본에 자생하는 주목과의 상록교목으로 비자나무의 성숙된 종자에서 종피를 제거하고 건조한 것을 비자 열매라 하며, 식욕증진, 소화촉진, 변비 및 치질 등의 약리작용을 나타내며 구충제로 이용되어 왔다. 그 중에서 시중에 유통되는 비자열매는 중국에서 수입되어 판매되는 경우가 많으며 항산화 활성에 대한 비교 연구는 아직까지 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 국산 비자(Torreya nucifera) 열매, 중국산 비자(Torreya grandis) 열매의 기능성을 평가하고 유효성분을 비교하고자 H2O, EtOH 및 MeOH을 사용하여 추출하였으며 폴
리페놀, 플라보노이드 화합물의 함량 측정, DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 및 peroxynitrite (ONOO―) 소거 활성 측정을 통해 항산화 활성 효과와 GC-MS를 이용하여 유효성분을 동정하고 정량분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성에서는 비자 열매 EtOH 추출물의 IC50값이 7.16 ± 0.17 mg/mL로 대조군인 L-ascorbic acid의 6.16 ± 0.11 mg/mL와 비슷하게 나와 매우 높은 항산화 활성 효과를 보였으며 다른 열매와 항산화 활성을 비교하였을 때도 활성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. ONOO― 소거 활성에서는 제주산과 전남산 비자 열매의 MeOH 추출물의 IC50값이 각각 0.77 ± 0.08mg/mL와 0.81 ± 0.18 mg/mL로 대조군인 L-penicillamine의 1.18 ± 0.1mg/mL보다 낮게 나와 매우 높은 항산화 활성 효과를 나타내었다. 산지별 비자 열매는 GC-MS 분석을 통하여 총 7종의 성분을 동정하고 그 함량을 측정하였다. 국산 비자 열매에서 catechol, 1-monolinolein 및 b-tocopherol이 확인되었고 중국산에서는 확인되지 않았다. 그리고 methyl palmitate와 2-monopalmitin은 제주산과 전남산 비자 열매보다 중국산 비자 열매가 2배 이상 높은 것을 알 수 있었으며, 모든 비자 열매의 가장 높은 피크인 methyl linoleate와 methyl oleate의 피크 면적이 중국산 비자 열매에서는 8.58%와 19.16%로 제주산과 전남산 비자 열매의 경우 18.37%와 12.61%, 그리고 28.07%와 16.29%로 중국산과 국산의 함량과 그 비율이 서로 다름을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 국산과 중국산 비자 열매의 항산화 활성 및 유효성분을 비교 분석하여 천연 항산화제로서의 개발과 다양한 기능성 식품 소재로 활용할 수 있는 기초 자료로 이용 될 수 있으리라 사료된다.

The active oxygen produced in the body is controlled by the antioxidant, which is generated in cell or taken from the food. The antioxidant is a substance that prevents cell membrane and erythrocyte destruction and
inhibits the formation of carcinogenic substances and inhibits aging of cells by suppressing oxidative effects such as lipid peroxidation by harmful free radicals arising from metabolic processes in the human body. Antioxidants include natural antioxidants and synthetic antioxidants. Synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), despite their excellent antioxidative and economic properties, have been controversial about the safety of cancer induction in the case of excessive intake. Therefore, there are many efforts to search for substances having superior safety and antioxidant ability from natural materials and studies on the development of antioxidants have been conducted actively. Torreya nucifera is an evergreen tall tree native to the southern part of Korea and Japan. The seeds are removed from matured seeds of T. nucifera and dried, which is called T. nucifera in Korea or Torreya grandis in China, having
pharmacological actions for appetite promotion, digestion promotion, constipation alleviation and morrhoids, and has been used as an insect repellent. Most of the T. grandis distributed on the market are mainly mported from China, but the effect of antioxidant activity on these Chinese T. graindis has not been studied yet. The aim of this study is to evaluate functional properties of Korean T. nucifera and Chinese T.grandis by using water, ethanol and methanol extracts and to examine the effect of antioxidant activity through the content measurement of polyphenol and flavonoid compounds, DPPH radical scavenging activity and peroxynitrite(ONOO―) scavenging activity. As a result, in the DPPH radical scavenging, the IC50 value of the ethanol extract of T. nucifera was 7.16 ± 0.17 mg/mL, similar to that of the control group L-ascorbic acid with 6.16 ± 0.11 mg/mL, that indicated very high antioxidant activity and also showed high antioxidant activity when compared with other fruits. In the ONOO― scavenging activity, the IC50 values of the methanol extracts of Jeju and Jeonnam T. nucifera were 0.77 ± 0.08 mg/mL and 0.81 ± 0.18 mg/mL, respectively, which were lower than 1.18 ± 0.1 mg/mL of the control group L-penicillamine, that indicated very high antioxidant
activity. Seven species were identified for T. nucifera of each region and their contents were measured by GC-MS analysis. 2-monopalmitin was the most abundant in the methanol extract of T. nucifera, and the highest
amount was found at 748.11 ppm of T. grandis in Chinese, 309.81 ppm in Jeju, and 233.45 ppm in Jeonnam. Dimethyl azelate was found at 23.37 ppm in China, 0.36 ppm in Jeju, but not in Jeonnam. Catechol was detected as high as 97.84 ppm in Jeonnam and 1,2-heptanediol was detected at 1.46 ppm of T. grandis only. The difference in active ingredients between Korean T. nucifera and T. grandis was confirmed because b-tocopherol was detected in Jeju and Jeonnam, but not in T. grandis. These results can be used as a basic data for development of natural antioxidants and various functional food materials by comparing and analyzing the antioxidant activity and effective of T. nucifera and T. grandis.

Ⅰ. 서론······················································································································1
Ⅱ. 재료 및 방법······································································································4
1. 실험재료············································································································4
1) 용매별 추출·································································································5
2) 산지별 용매 분획·······················································································5
2. 항산화 활성······································································································8
1) 총 폴리페놀 함량 측정 ·············································································8
2) 총 플라보노이드 함량 측정·····································································8
3) DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 측정································································9
4) ONOO― 소거 활성 측정 ···········································································9
3. 유효성분 동정 및 정량분석 ········································································10
Ⅲ. 결과 및 고찰····································································································12
1. 항산화 활성····································································································12
1) 열매별 총 폴리페놀 함량 비교·····························································12
2) 열매별 총 플라보노이드 함량 비교·····················································13
3) 산지별 비자 열매의 총 폴리페놀 함량 비교····································· 15
4) 산지별 비자 열매의 총 플라보노이드 함량 비교····························· 15
5) DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 효과 ····························································17
(1) 열매별 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 비교 ···········································17
(2) 산지별 비자 열매의 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 비교 ···················19
(3) 분획별 비자 열매의 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 비교 ···················21
6) ONOO- 소거 활성 효과 ··········································································26
(1) 열매별 ONOO― 소거 활성 비교 ·····················································26
(2) 산지별 비자 열매의 ONOO― 소거 활성 비교 ····························· 27
(3) 분획별 비자 열매의 ONOO― 소거 활성 비교 ····························· 29
2. 유효성분 동정 및 정량분석 ········································································34
1) GC-MS를 이용한 유효성분 동정·························································34
2) GC-MS를 이용한 유효성분 정량분석·················································37
(1) 1,2-Heptanediol ···················································································39
(2) Catechol ································································································39
(3) Dimethyl suberate ··············································································40
(4) Dimethyl azelate ·················································································40
(5) Methyl palmitate ················································································41
(6) Methyl Oleate ······················································································41
(7) 2-Monopalmitin ···················································································42
Ⅳ. 결론····················································································································43

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