2014년부터 2016년까지 한라산 아고산대의 대표수종인 구상나무림, 주목림, 눈향나무림의 물질생산과 탄소수지를 파악하였다. 연구기간 동안 구상나무림의 현존량은 각각 112.18, 112.6, 118.49 ton ha-1 이었으며, 평균 114.42 ton ha-1 이었다. 주목림의 현존량은 각각 34.32, 35.07, 37.73 ton ha-1 였으며, 평균 35.71 ton ha-1 이었다. 눈향나무림의 현존량은 각각 7.41, 8.06, 9.77 ton ha-1 였으며, 평균 8.41 ton ha-1 이었다. 2014년과 2015년 구상나무림의 순생산량은 각각 5.35, 8.44 ton C ha-1 였으며, 평균 6.9 ton C ha-1 였다. 주목림의 순생산량은 각각 2.92, 3.83 ton C ha-1 였으며, 평균 3.38 ton C ha-1 였다. 눈향나무림의 순생산량은 각각 1.26, 2.12 ton C ha-1 였으며, 평균 1.69 ton C ha-1 였다. 구상나무림, 주목림, 눈향나무림에서 현존량과 순생산량은 매년 증가하고 있었다. 연구기간 동안 구상나무림의 식물체 유기탄소 분포량은 각각 50.48, 50.67, 53.33 ton C ha-1 였으며, 평균 51.49 ton C ha-1 이었다. 유기탄소 흡수량은 2.41, 3.81 ton C ha-1 이었으며 평균 3.11 ton C ha-1 이었다. 주목림의 식물체 유기탄소분포량은 15.44, 15.78, 16.98 ton C ha-1 였으며, 평균 16.07 ton C ha-1 이었다. 유기탄소 흡수량은 1.31, 1.73 ton C ha-1 였으며, 평균 1.52 ton C ha-1 이었다. 눈향나무림의 식물체 유기탄소분포량은 3.22, 3.62, 4.4 ton C ha-1 였으며, 평균 3.75 ton C ha-1 이었다. 유기탄소 흡수량은 0.55, 0.96 ton C ha-1 였으며, 평균 0.76 ton C ha-1 이었다. 구상나무림의 식물체에 가장 많은 유기탄소가 저장되어 있었고 눈향나무림의 식물체에 가장 적은 유기탄소가 저장되어 있었다. 매년 식물체에 저장된 유기탄소량은 모두 증가하였으며, 식물체에서 흡수하는 유기탄소량 역시 증가하였다. 연구기간 동안 구상나무림의 낙엽 생산량은 평균4.41 ton ha-1, 유기탄소량은 1.99 ton C ha-1 였다. 주목림의 낙엽생산량은 평균 3.76 ton ha-1 였으며, 유기탄소량은 1.69 ton C ha-1 였다. 눈향나무림의 낙엽생산량은 평균 1.86 ton ha-1 였으며, 평균 0.84 ton C ha-1 였다. 매년 낙엽생산량과 낙엽의 유기탄소량은 증가하여 임상으로 유입되는 유기물의 양은 증가하였다. 연구기간 동안 임상낙엽량은 구상나무림에서 평균 3.74 ton ha-1 였고, 평균 1.68 ton C ha-1 의 유기탄소가 축적되어 있었다. 주목림에서 평균 1.82 ton ha-1 였고, 평균 0.82 ton C ha-1 의 유기탄소가 축적되어 있었다. 눈향나무림에서 평균 2.08 ton ha-1 였고 평균 0.94 ton C ha-1 의 유기탄소가 축적되어 있었다. 2016년 구상나무림을 제외하고는 모두 L층보다 F층에 더 많은 임상낙엽과 유기탄소가 축적되어 있었다. 연구기간 동안 토양에 축적된 유기탄소량은 구상나무림에 평균 42.84 ton C ha-1, 주목림에서 평균 138.35 ton C ha-1, 눈향나무림에서 평균 175.04 ton C ha-1 이었다. 연구기간 동안 토양호흡량은 구상나무림에서 평균 24.49 ton CO2 ha-1yr-1, 주목림에서 평균 18.88 ton CO2 ha-1yr-1, 눈향나무림에서 평균 14.47 ton CO2 ha-1yr-1 였으며, 토양호흡을 통해 대기로 방출되는 유기탄소량은 구상나무림에서 평균 6.68 ton CO2 ha-1yr-1, 주목림에서 평균 5.14 ton CO2 ha-1yr-1, 눈향나무림에서 평균 3.95 ton CO2 ha-1yr-1 이었다. 전술한 내용을 종합하여 볼 때, 연구기간 동안 구상나무림, 주목림, 눈향나무림의 순생태계생산량(Net Ecosystem Production)은 각각 -0.38, -1.08, -1.15 ton C ha-1yr-1 로 대기중에서 탄소를 흡수하는 양보다 배출하는 양이 더 많았다.

Net primary production(NPP) and carbon budget were studied in the A. koreana forest, T. cuspidata forest and J. chinensis var. sargentii forest of subalpine zone at Mt. Halla from 2014 to 2016. Standing biomass of the A. koreana forest was respectively, 112.12, 112.6, 118.49 ton ha-1 and the average of three years was 114.42 ton ha-1. Standing biomass of the T. cuspidata forest was respectively, 34.32, 35.07, 37.73 ton ha-1 and the average of three years was 35.71 ton ha-1. Standing biomass of the J. chinensis var. sargentii forest was respectively, 7.41, 8.06, 9.77 ton ha-1 and the average of three years was 8.41 ton ha-1. Standing biomass of the tree forest increased annually. NPP of the A. koreana forest was respectively, 5.35, 8.44 ton C ha-1, and the average was 6.9 ton C ha-1. NPP of the T. cuspidata forest was respectively, 2.92, 3.83 ton C ha-1, and the average was 3.38 ton C ha-1. NPP of the J. chinensis var. sargentii forest was 1.26, 2.12 ton C ha-1, and the average was 1.69 ton C ha-1. In the each three forests, the NPP in 2015 year was higher than the NPP in 2014. Distribution of organic carbon in plant in A. koreana forest was respectively, 50.48, 50.67, 53.33 ton C ha-1, and average of three years was 51.49 ton C ha-1. Accumulation of organic carbon was respectively, 2.41, 3.81 ton C ha-1, and average was 3.11 ton C ha-1. Distribution of organic carbon in plant in T. cuspidata forest was respectively, 15.44, 15.78, 16.98 ton C ha-1, and average of three years was 16.07 ton C ha-1. Accumulation of organic carbon was respectively, 1.31, 1.73 ton C ha-1, and average was 1.52 ton C ha-1. Distribution of organic carbon in plant in J. chinensis var. sargentii forest was respectively, 3.22, 3.62, 4.4 ton C ha-1, and average of three years was 3.75 ton C ha-1. Accumulation of organic carbon was respectively, 0.55, 0.96 ton C ha-1, and average was 0.76 ton C ha-1.
Organic carbon in plant of A. koreana forest was the highest among the three forests. Then Organic carbon in plant of J. chinensis var. sargentii was the lowest. In the each three forests, the accumulation of organic carbon in 2015 year was higher than the accumulation of organic carbon in 2014 year. The average of Amount of litter production and organic carbon of A. koreana forest was 4.41 ton ha-1 and 1.99 ton C ha-1, respectively. The average of Amount of litter production and organic carbon of T. cuspidata forest was 3.76 ton ha-1 and 1.69 ton C ha-1, respectively. The average of Amount of litter production and organic carbon of J. chinensis var. sargentii forest was 1.86 ton ha-1 and 0.84 ton C ha-1, respectively. Amount of litter production and organic carbon of the tree forest increased annually. The average amount of litter on the forest floor and organic carbon of A. koreana forest was 3.74 ton ha-1 and 1.68 ton C ha-1, respectively. The average amount of litter on the forest floor and organic carbon of T. cuspidata forest was 1.82 ton ha-1 and 0.82 ton C ha-1, respectively. The average amount of litter on the forest floor and organic carbon of J. chinensis var. sargentii forest was 2.08 ton ha-1 and 0.94 ton C ha-1, respectively. The average of soil organic carbon in each forest was 42.84 ton C ha-1 in the A. koreana forest, 138.35 ton C ha-1 in the T. cuspidata forest and 175.04 ton C ha-1 in the J. chinensis var. sargentii forest, respectively. Soil respiration in the A. koreana forest, T. cuspidata forest and J. chinensis var. sargentii forest was respecitvely, 24.49, 18.88, 14.47 ton CO2 ha-1yr-1 for three years and organic carbon spilled into the atmosphere was respectively, 6.68, 5.14, 3.95 ton C ha-1yr-1. Consequently, The aveage of net ecosystem production(NEP) in the A. koreana forest, T. cuspidata forest and J. chinensis var. sargentii forest was respectively, -0.38, -1.14, -1.31 ton C ha-1yr-1 for two years(2014 to 2015).