Ⅵ. 요약

한국의 아고산 생태계의 물질생산 및 유기탄소 분포와 순환을 파악하기 위해 한라산의 구상나무림, 주목림 그리고 눈향나무림에서 현존량과 순생산량, 식물체의 유기탄소량, 연간 낙엽생산량과 유기탄소량, 임상 내 낙엽의 유기탄소량, 토양의 유기탄소량, 토양온도와 토양호흡량을 조사하였다.
구상나무림의 2009년, 2010년, 2011년, 2012년과 2013년의 현존량은 98.88, 106.42, 107.67, 108.31과 91.48 ton/ha로 유기탄소량은 44.5, 47.89, 48.45, 48.74와 41.17 ton C/ha였다. 연간순생산량은 11.40, 7.41, 0.05와 -9.46 ton ha-1yr-1 였고 유기산탄소 순생산량은 51.13, 3.33, 0.02와 -4.26 ton C ha-1yr-1 였다. 임상에 유입되는 낙엽량은 2.42, 4.02, 2.94, 5.47와 2.67 ton ha-1yr-1였고 유기탄소량은 1.09, 1.80, 1.32, 2.46와 1.20 ton C ha-1yr-1 였다. 2010년, 2011년 2012년과 2013년의 임상낙엽층은 6.09, 5.40, 4.45와 2.57 ton/ha였고 유기탄소량은 6.09, 5.40, 4.45와 2.57 ton C/ha 였다. 2009년, 2010년, 2011년, 2012년과 2013년의 토양 0~20cm깊이까지 유기탄소축적량은 55.77, 54.90, 50.69, 44.42와 41.87 ton C ha-120cm-1였다. 2012년에 임상에서 토양호흡을 통하여 4.14 ton C ha-1yr-1을 배출하였다. 총 8.39 ton C ha-1yr-1의 탄소를 대기중으로 배출하였다.
주목림의 2012년과 2013년의 현존량은 30.15과 31.75 ton/ha로 유기탄소량은 13.57와 14.29 ton C/ha였다. 2012년의 연간순생산량은 1.13 ton ha-1yr-1 였고 유기산탄소 순생산량은 1.13 ton C ha-1yr-1이었다. 2012년과 2013년의 임상에 유입되는 낙엽량은 1.48와 1.18 ton ha-1yr-1였고 유기탄소량은 0.67와 0.81 ton C ha-1yr-1 였다. 임상낙엽층은 1.70와 1.57 ton/ha였고 유기탄소량은 0.77와 0.71 ton C/ha 였다. 토양 0~30cm깊이까지 유기탄소축적량은 55.30와 46.96 ton C ha-130cm-1였다. 2012년에 임상에서 토양호흡을 통하여 2.90 ton C ha-1yr-1을 배출하였다. 총 0.14 ton C ha-1yr-1의 탄소를 대기중에서 흡수하였다.
눈향나무림의 2012년과 2013년의 현존량은 15.43과 17.81 ton/ha로 유기탄소량은 6.84와 7.34 ton C/ha였다. 2012년의 연간순생산량은 1.50 ton ha-1yr-1 였고 유기산탄소 순생산량은 0.85 ton C ha-1yr-1이었다. 2012년과 2013년의 임상에 유입되는 낙엽량은 2.59와 3.88 ton ha-1yr-1였고 유기탄소량은 1.17와 1.75 ton C ha-1yr-1 였다. 임상낙엽층은 4.01와 2.80 ton/ha였고 유기탄소량은 1.80와 1.26 ton C/ha 였다. 토양 0~30cm깊이까지 유기탄소축적량은 63.65와 54.06 ton C ha-130cm-1였다. 2012년에 임상에서 토양호흡을 통하여 1.86 ton C ha-1yr-1을 배출하였다. 총 1.1 ton C ha-1yr-1의 탄소를 대기중으로 배출하였다.
본 조사 결과 침엽수림은 낙엽활엽수림이나 상록활엽수림에 비하여 NPP가 더 낮았다. 또한 아고산대의 침엽수림은 활엽수림보다 온대의 침엽수림에 비하여 생산성이 낮았다.

In order to elucidate plant matter production, organic carbon dustribution and cycling of sub-alpine forest in Korea, above and below biomass, net primary production, annual litter production, organic carbon amounts in litter layer and soil, and soil respiration rate were investigated in Abies koreana forest, Taxus cuspidata forest and Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii forest at Mt. Halla.
In A. koreana forest, standing biomass was 98.88, 106.42, 107.67, 108.31 and 91.48 ton/ha and organic carbon was 44.5, 47.89, 48.45, 48.74 and 41.17 ton C/ha in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 year, respectively. Net primary production was 11.40, 7.41, 0.05 and -9.46 ton ha-1yr-1 and net primary production of carbon was 5.13, 3.33, 0.02 and -4.26 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012 year, respectively. Annual litter production was 2.42, 4.02, 2.94, 5.47 and 2.67 ton ha-1yr-1, which amounted of organic carbon 1.09, 1.80, 1.32, 2.46 and 1.20 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 year, respectively. Annual litter layer was 6.09, 5.40, 4.45 and 2.57 ton/ha and organic carbon was 2.74, 2.43, 2.00 and 1.16 ton C/ha in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 year, respectively. Total amount of soil organic carbon within 20cm soil depth was 55.77, 54.90, 50.69, 44.42 and 41.87 ton C ha-120cm-1 in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 year. Annual amount of carbon evolved from soil through soil respiration was 4.14 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2012 year. Thus, annual net uptake of carbon from the atmosphere was -8.39 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2012 year.
In T. cuspidata forest, standing biomass was 30.15 and 31.75 ton/ha and organic carbon was 13.57 and 14.29 ton C/ha in 2012 and 2013 year, respectively. Net primary production was 2.51 ton ha-1yr-1 and net primary production of carbon was 1.13 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2012 year. Annual litter production was 1.48 and 1.81 ton ha-1yr-1, which amounted of organic carbon 0.67 and 0.81 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2012 and 2013 year, respectively. Annual litter layer was 1.70 and 1.57 ton/ha and organic carbon was 0.77 and 0.71 ton C/ha in 2012 and 2013 year, respectively. Total amount of soil organic carbon within 30cm soil depth was 55.30 and 46.96 ton C ha-130cm-1 in 2012 and 2013 year. Annual amount of carbon evolved from soil through soil respiration was 2.90 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2012 year. Thus, annual net uptake of carbon from the atmosphere was 0.14 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2012 year.
In J. chinensis var sargentii forest, standing biomass was 15.43 and 17.81 ton/ha and organic carbon was 6.84 and 7.34 ton C/ha in 2012 and 2013 year, respectively. Net primary production was 1.50 ton ha-1yr-1 and net primary production of carbon was 0.85 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2012 year. Annual litter production was 2.59 and 3.88 ton ha-1yr-1, which amounted of organic carbon 1.17 and 1.75 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2012 and 2013 year, respectively. Annual litter layer was 4.01 and 2.80 ton/ha and organic carbon was 1.80 and 1.26 ton C/ha in 2012 and 2013 year, respectively. Total amount of soil organic carbon within 30cm soil depth was 63.65 and 54.06 ton C ha-130cm-1 in 2012 and 2013 year. Annual amount of carbon evolved from soil through soil respiration was 1.86 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2012 year. Thus, annual net uptake of carbon from the atmosphere was -1.1 ton C ha-1yr-1 in 2012 year.