he purpose of this study was to take a positive view of maladjusted children based on Chaos theory and explore their changes of daily life and its meaning, which occur through a Collaborative Consulting process, in classroom, home and play therapy room.
The specific research question is as follows: "How is the change process of maladjusted children through collaborative consulting based on Chaos theory?" From late February to mid October of 2014, a collaborative consulting was conducted for Jae-hoon(4-year old) and Min-ah(5-year old) at Sarang kindergarten located in P city, Gyeongsangnam-do. The parenting approach at home, educational approach at classroom and psychological approach at play therapy room was carried out by the collaboration of their mothers, teachers and a play therapist, who is a consultant and researcher. Data were collected through many other ways such as the discussion minutes, interviews, observations, ''Note of love'' which is the observation records and journals. The data were qualitatively analyzed.
The major findings of the study were as follows: Jae-hoon presented chaos phenomena such as solitary play, one-sided interaction, erratic speech and rapid motion. In the early stage of research, he had a volatile start showing exaggerated gesture and language, one-way signal, awkward encounter and anxiety. Gradually he displayed a development such as "recovering confidence through acceptance", "getting into peer relationship" and "building trust with others", however, this led to tremendous aggression and regression. Due to trauma from early separation, he repeatedly expressed agony and rage in the classroom, especially in the therapy room by playing game to "punishing mother". But the changes happened in the process of "circular cycle of change and growth", "an echo in everyday life" and "crossing between virtual and real world". Finally, He started to enjoy his own world through self-growth by the process of "keeping balance in the family", "creating extended field of relationship" and "regaining tendency to be relationship-oriented". Min-ah presented chaos phenomena such as negative expression of emotion, inappropriate relationship with friends, repeated negative behaviors, language out of context and confused identity. During consulting, she demonstrated an unstable status by "confining herself in her own restriction", "raising voice and attracting attention" and "hiding her own world". Autonomy steadily contributed to her growth, however, "recognizing self existence", "self-revealing through turbulence" and "displaying regression desire" was shown, which led to explosive regression behaviors due to depression, rage, obsession and anxiety. Yet she went through a growth again by recognizing her existence again by the ways of love and communion at home, classroom and play therapy room. She was healed particularly in the process of truly communicating with her new family member and presented a new possibility to step up to the world. Thus children grew and changed on their own by organizing themselves and following self-direction at the most unstable edge of Chaos, of which point was identified as an important bifurcation for them.
The findings of this study lead to the following suggestions:
First, a maladjusted child is at the focal point, the edge of Chaos, to reorganize himself and the problems could be multiplied on account of different perspectives towards the matter, which requires a diversion to positive view on maladjustment. Second, it is important that we confirm strange attractor that is each child''s own trajectory. So we need to find fundamental power and message rather than to concentrate on superficial chaos phenomena in the case of maladjustment. Especially since maladjustment cannot be explained by a single causal relationship, the necessity for multilateral evaluations and solutions based on psychological approach is reasserted. Third, approach on a maladjusted child requires to be governed both individually and collectively at home, classroom and play therapy room in the form of collaborative consulting based on Chaos theory to focus on the changes in the child''s daily life.
Ⅰ. 서 론 11. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 12. 연구 문제 93. 용어 정의 9Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 111. 유아의 성장과 부적응 112. 카오스 이론 관점과 부적응 유아 203. 부적응 유아에 대한 카오스 이론 접근의 컨설팅 46Ⅲ. 연구 방법 691. 연구 방법 692. 연구 참여자 703. 연구 도구 814. 연구 절차 855. 자료 수집 1116. 자료 분석 116Ⅳ. 연구결과 1191. 변화를 위한 태동 : 카오스의 가장자리 1192. 새로운 질서 만들어 가기 1463. 자기방향성 따라가기 227Ⅴ. 요약 및 논의 2541. 요약 2542. 논의 256참고문헌 275부 록 293Abstract 330