This study aims to investigate the effect of social capital and knowledge creation on supply chain performance in supply chain-based management environment. Since social capital has more important meaning than the study from the viewpoint of buyers who have conducted some studies from the viewpoint of suppliers. This study tried to prove how the role of structure of the supply chains is realized in the buyer-supplier relationship. The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the effects of social capital and knowledge creation on supply chain performance in supply chain relationship. First, from the viewpoint of supplier, the influence of structural capital, cognitive capital, and relational capital on knowledge creation was identified. Second, the effect of knowledge creation on supply chain performance was demonstrated. Third, the mediating effect of knowledge creation was analyzed in the relationship between social capital and supply chain performance. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on employees who have worked for more than 5 years in the same sector in information and communication companies in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The measurement data were statistically analyzed through descriptive statistics, discriminant validity analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis, and the validity of the measurement items and the suitability of the measurement model were statistically analyzed. The research hypothesis was verified through the structural equation analysis on the research model. As a result of the analysis on demographic characteristics, the ratio of men was relatively high, with 101 men (53.7%) and 87 women (46.3%) in gender, and the distribution of age was 99 people (52.6%) under 30s, 65 people (34.6%) in 40s, and 24 people (12.7%) over 50s. The number of working years was 70 (37.2%) in 5-10 years, 47 (25.0%) in 10-15 years, 39 (20.7%) in 15-20 years, and 32 (17.0%) in 20 years or more. The largest number of companies were 101 companies (53.7%) with less than 100 employees, 51 companies (27.1%) with 100-500 employees, and 36 companies (19.1%) with more than 500 employees. The results of the analysis of the research hypothesis are as follows. First, social capital has a significant positive effect on knowledge creation. Second, knowledge creation had a significant positive effect on supply chain performance. Third, knowledge creation had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social capital and supply chain performance. The implications of this study are as follows. First, companies should recognize the necessity of social capital and try to develop their capabilities to lead the competitive advantage that is specialized compared to competitors. Second, it is very important to establish, operate and manage more appropriate strategies in response to uncertain economic conditions. Third, the fact that knowledge creation has a significant mediating effect on the relationship between relational capital and supply chain performance explains the importance of social capital and the more important strategy among the factors affecting supply chain performance through knowledge creation. Although the effect of social capital and knowledge creation on supply chain performance was empirically verified in supply chain environment, the study results were not fully reviewed due to lack of previous studies. If these limitations are supplemented in the future, it is expected that sustainable and reasonable management plans will be devised in the uncertain management situation that is complicated and diverse enough to be unpredictable in the relationship between buyers and suppliers.