Superenhancers as master gene regulators and novel therapeutic targets in brain tumors

Zhuang Hai-Hui; Qu Qiang; Teng Xin-Qi; Dai Ying-Huan; Qu Jian

doi:10.1038/s12276-023-00934-0

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자료유형: 학술저널

저자정보: Zhuang Hai-Hui (Central South University) Qu Qiang (Central South University) Teng Xin-Qi (Central South University) Dai Ying-Huan (Central South University) Qu Jian (Central South University)

저널정보: 대한생화학·분자생물학회 Experimental and Molecular Medicine Experimental and Molecular Medicine 제55권

발행연도: 2023.2

수록면: 290 - 303 (14page)

DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00934-0

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Transcriptional deregulation, a cancer cell hallmark, is driven by epigenetic abnormalities in the majority of brain tumors, including adult glioblastoma and pediatric brain tumors. Epigenetic abnormalities can activate epigenetic regulatory elements to regulate the expression of oncogenes. Superenhancers (SEs), identified as novel epigenetic regulatory elements, are clusters of enhancers with cell-type specificity that can drive the aberrant transcription of oncogenes and promote tumor initiation and progression. As gene regulators, SEs are involved in tumorigenesis in a variety of tumors, including brain tumors. SEs are susceptible to inhibition by their key components, such as bromodomain protein 4 and cyclin-dependent kinase 7, providing new opportunities for antitumor therapy. In this review, we summarized the characteristics and identification, unique organizational structures, and activation mechanisms of SEs in tumors, as well as the clinical applications related to SEs in tumor therapy and prognostication. Based on a review of the literature, we discussed the relationship between SEs and different brain tumors and potential therapeutic targets, focusing on glioblastoma.

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