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Is the Constitution to be a Living Document? - On the Debate over the Living Constitution in the U.S. -
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미국에 있어 '살아있는 헌법' 논의에 관한 소고

논문 기본 정보

Type
Academic journal
Author
KIM MOON-HYUN (이화여자대학교)
Journal
헌법재판소 헌법논총 헌법논총 제27권
Published
2016.11
Pages
5 - 60 (56page)

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Is the Constitution to be a Living Document? - On the Debate over the Living Constitution in the U.S. -
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Living Constitution means the metaphor that the Constitution adapts and should adapt to changing times and conditions, and reflect the evoling values of the people. The debate on whether the constitution is a living document or not is connected with the concept, characteristics, functions, interpretation of constitution and democracy and judicial review. It contains choices of values that conflict each other. The constitution is binding law not only because once the people as the sovereign enacted but also later generations have accepted it as fundamental law. Later generations can enact new constitution, or amend it. If they think it is not profer to enact a new constitution or to amend the constitution, they accept it as their fundamental law. But it doesn't mean the intent of the ratifiers or original meaning bind later generation to concrete meaning of the text. The aim of constitutional interpretation is not to discover what was the historical meaning(the intent of the ratifiers or original meaning) of the text, but to interpret contemporary meaning of the text. The constitutional interpretation is not the decipher of old documents. The basic concept and fundamental value of a text and fundamental principles of a constitution should not be changed by constitutional interpretation. But the concrete meaning of a text is not isolated from the context that consists of realities, public understandings etc. and changes according to them. For example the fundamental concept of sexual equality does not change, but the concrete meaning of it has changed according to the change of realities and public understandings.

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