한국고전종합 데이터베이스(http://db.itkc.or.kr/itkcdb/mainIndex Iframe.jsp)와 조리서를 통하여 고려시대(918~1392) 및 조선시대(1392~1897) 문헌에 실린 장류와 조리서에 실린 장류를 비교분석하였다. 고려시대의 장류는 문집에 15종류로 그중장(6), 염장?염시(2), 겨자장(1) 등이 있으나, 조리서는 남아있지 않다. 고려 조정에서는 장을 굶주린 사람들에게 주어 구제하였다. 조선시대의 장류는 문집에 111종류, 조리서에 153종류가 있었다. 일반장류는 문집에 53종류로 그중 장(204),염장(63), 초장?구장(7), 겨자장(6) 등이 있고, 조리서에는 55종류로 숙황장(9), 대맥장?면장?생황장?유인장(8) 등이 있는데, 그중 13종류가 중국계이다. 간장은 문집에 9종류로, 수장(30, 청장(23), 감장(8), 간장(3) 등이 있고, 조리서에는 12종류로 청장(10), 천리장(4), 간장(3) 등이 있다. 고추장은 문집에 9종류로 초장(12), 고초장(3) 등이 있다. 조리서에는 9종류로 고초장(7), 만초장?급조만초장(4) 등이 있다. 육류장은 문집에 16종류로 해장(15), 혜장?육장(11) 등이 있고, 조리서에는 22종류인데 계란장 및 알장(9), 게장(6), 육장(5), 쇠고기장(4) 등이 있다. 시류(청국장)는 문집에 18종류로, 염시(40), 시(35), 시장(6) 등이 있고, 조리서에는 19종류로 전시전국장(6), 시?수시장(4)이 있는데 그중 11가지가 중국계이다.
집장은 문집에 6종류로 집장(7), 읍장(4), 포장?장즙(2) 등이있고, 조리서에는 15종류로 집장(9), 즙저(7), 하절집장(5) 등이 있다. 구황장은 문집에 없으나 나라에서는 일반 장을 구제용으로 사용하였다. 조리서의 구황장은 21종류로 포장(7), 급조청장(6), 사삼길경장(4) 등이 있다. 문헌과 조리서에 모두있는 장은 건장, 난장, 두장, 말장, 면장, 소두장, 육장, 장이다.
중국계장은 일반장류 조리서와 시류 조리서에만 있고 문집등의 문헌에는 없으므로 중국계 장류는 일반 백성들에게 전파되지 않은 것으로 나타난다.
On the basis of the cookbooks and Data Base of the Korean Classics(http://db.itkc.or.kr/itkcdb/mainIndexIframe.jsp), this paper analyzed the fermented soybean listed in the general documents of the Chosun Dynasty(1392~1897) and the Goryeo Dynasty(918~1392). In the Goryeo Dynasty, there are 15 kinds of Jang(soybean paste or solution), among which are Jang (soybean paste fermented by mold)(6 documents), Yeomgjang, Yeomshi(2), and Gaejang(1). However, the cookbook at that time is defunct. The Goryeo Court relieved the famine-stricken people by proving them with Jang. In the Chosun Dynasty, 111 kinds of Jang were listed in the general documents, and 153 kinds in cookbooks. There were 55 kinds of general Jang, such as Jang(204), Yeomjang(63), Chojang, Goojang(7), and Gaejang(6), are listed in the general documents, and in the cookbooks, there are 55 kinds of Jang, such as Sookwhangjang(9 cookbooks), Daemaekjang(8), Myeonjang(8), Saengwhangjang (8), and Yooinjang(8), and among them, 13 kinds belong to the Chinese origin. A total of 9 Kinds of Ganjang(soybean solution fermented by mold), such as Soojang(30), Cheongjang(23), Gamjang(8), and Ganjang(3) are found in the general documents. In the cookbooks, 12 kinds of Jang, as Cheongjang(10), Cheonrijang(4), Ganjang(3), and etc., are listed. There were 9 kinds of Gochoojang(red pepper-soybean paste), such as Chojang(12), Gochojang(3), and etc., are listed in the general documents, and 9 kinds as Gochojang(7), Manchojang(7), rapid Manchojang(4), and etc., are in the cookbooks. In addition, 16 Kinds of Yookjang(fermented soybean-meat paste) as Haejang(15), Hyejang(11), Yookjang(11), and etc., are found in the documents, and 22 kinds as Nanjang(9), Gejang(6), Yookjang(5), Shoigogijang(4), and etc., are in the cookbooks. Eighteen Kinds of Shi(soybean paste fermented by bacteria) as Yeomshi(40), Shi(35), Shijang(6), and etc., are recorded in the documents, and 19 kinds as Jeonkookjang(6), Shi(4), Sooshijang(4), and etc., are in the cookbooks, and among them 11 kinds belong to the Chinese origin. Six kinds of Jipjang(aqueous soybean paste) as Jipjang(7), Uoopjang(4), Pojang (2), Jangzoop(2) are recorded in the documents, and 15 kinds as Jipjang(9), Zoopjeo(7), and Hajeoljipjang(5) are in the cookbooks. Soybean paste, or solution for relieving hunger is not recorded in the documents. However, the Chosun court, for the purpose of relieving famine-stricken people, used general Jang. Such 21 Jang to relieve the famine-stricken people as Pojang(7), rapid Jang(6), and Sasamgilgyeongjang(4) are listed in the cookbook. Geonjang(dried soybean paste), Nanjang (egg-soybean paste), Doojang(soybean paste), Maljang(random soybean paste), Myeonjang(wheate-soybean paste), Sodoojang (red bean-soybean paste), Yookjang(soybean-meat paste) and Jang(soybean paste) are recorded in the documents, as well as in the cookbooks. Chinese-original Jang and Shi are recorded in the cookbooks, with no list in the general documents. Therefore, it seems that it didn't pass down to the general public.