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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Sung Yong-eun (Far East University Eumseong Republic of Korea) Back Sin-chul (Florida International University Miami United States) Torres Christopher (Florida International University Miami United States)
저널정보
J-INSTITUTE Public Value Public Value Vol.2 No.1
발행연도
2017.6
수록면
21 - 27 (7page)

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Due to poor socioeconomic conditions such as declining wages and high unemployment rates, unskilled young people may be drawn to the commission of crime. Several recent studies have found that worsening economic conditions cause social disorder and crime. The purpose of this study is to assess whether various socioeconomic indicators have a positive impact on both violent and property crime rates at the county level within the state of Texas in the United States. The present study hypothesizes that: 1)violent and property crime rates are higher in counties with high levels of poverty; 2)violent and property crime rates are higher in counties with high levels of unemployment; 3)violent and property crime rates are higher in counties with low levels of median household income; 4)violent and property crime rates are higher in counties with low levels of educational attainment. The data used in the analysis was collected from the Uniform Crime Report(UCR) and the United States Department of Agriculture: Economic Research Service(USDA) for the year 2015. Within the present study, the total enumeration of counties(254) located in the state of Texas(United States) was designated as the units of analysis. This study measures two dependent variables: violent crime rates and property crime rates. Four unique independent variables were chosen for the analysis based off findings in the current body of literature: (a)poverty, (b)unemployment, (c)median household income, and (d)educational attainment. An Ordinary Least Squares(OLS) regression model is employed to empirically investigate the relationships between socioeconomic indicators and crime rates. In addition, Geographic Information Systems(GIS) were employed to demonstrate the link between unemployment, violent crime, and property crime. The findings of the current study reveal that (1)violent crime rates are on average higher in counties with high levels of unemployment; (2)property crime rates are higher on average in counties with higher levels of unemployment. To clarify, a 1 Standard Deviation(SD) unit increase in unemployment predicts a 6% increase in the expected count of violent crime(p < .001). Also, a 1 SD unit increase in unemployment predicts a 29% increase in the expected count of property crime(p < .001). Unemployment is the only significant independent variable and can thus be viewed as a possible source of criminality within the counties in Texas. One method of reducing unemployment and ultimately reducing crime is by implementing a community development model. This will lead to the creation of a “community network” that draws local resources, services, and facilities together for the creation of more jobs. The contributions, limitations and suggestions for the future study were discussed in conclusion.
#Socioeconomic Conditions #Violent Crime #Property Crime #Ordinal Least Squares Regression #Community Development Model

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참고문헌 (12)

참고문헌 신청
Gould ED / 2002 / Crime Rates and Local Labor Market Oppor-tunities in the United States: 1979–1997 / Re-view of Economics and Statistics 84(1):45~61 google schola Rosenfeld R / 2016 / Acquisitive Crime and Inflation in the United States: 1960–2012 / Journal of Quantitative Criminology 32(3):427~447 google schola Allen RC / 1996 / Socioeconomic Conditions and Property Crime / American Journal of Eco-nomics and Sociology 55(3):293~308 google schola Seals A / 2007 / The Effects of Inflation and Demographic Change on Property Crime: A Structural Time Series Approach google schola Arvanites TM / 2006 / Business Cycles and Street Crime / Criminology 44(1):139~164 google schola

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