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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
원태준 (포항공과대학교)
저널정보
영국사학회 영국 연구 영국연구 제48호
발행연도
2022.12
수록면
225 - 273 (49page)

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This article examines the development of the process by which Britain chose and established working relationships with her diplomatic Protecting Powers in the postwar years. The appropriate criteria for selecting a Protecting Power was established during Britain’s involvement in the Korean War, and on this basis Sweden was chosen to be Britain’s Protecting Power in Iraq in the aftermath of the Third Arab-Israeli War. Initially, Sweden was deeply reluctant to defend British commercial interests in Iraq, and was also concerned that Britain’s refusal to extend visas for Iraqi diplomatic personnel in London would anger the Arab world and damage Sweden’s position in the region. However, Britain held firm on the necessity of keeping a close watch on commercial interests, and dismissed the visa issue out of hand citing problems of reciprocity. On Sweden becoming Britain’s Protecting Power in Iraq again in 1971, the Swedish government refused to give Britain permission to allow the American State Department to use Britain’s Diplomatic Wireless Service link in order to exchange messages with the US Interests Section at the Belgian embassy in Iraq, thus frustrating Britain’s diplomatic cooperation with her closest ally. Also, when Sweden became Britain’s Protecting Power in Iran following the 1979 Iranian revolution, the Swedish government demanded that the British head of the UK Interests Section exercise restraint over his vocal condemnation of Iran’s human rights record. Such clashes and conflicts over the scope of the authority of the Protecting Power rendered Sweden and Britain to negotiate a formal diplomatic protocol which would clearly spell out a workable arrangement between the two countries when Sweden was once again asked to become Britain’s Protecting Power in Iran following the Salman Rushdie Affair. This led to the signing of the UK/Sweden Agreement on Protection of British Interests in Iran in 1989, a document which has since become a template for Britain’s arrangements with potential Protecting Powers.

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