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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Jung Gyoohwan (Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Korea.) Lee Seung Min (College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea.) So Sang Won (College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea.) Kim Sehwan (College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea.) Kim Seong Chan (Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering Jeju National University Jeju Kore) Kwon Ohbin (Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering Jeju National University Jeju Kore) Song Hyunjae (Department of Electronic Engineering Sogang University Seoul Korea.) Choi Min Joo (Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering Jeju National University Jeju Kore) Cho Sung Yong (College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea.Department of Urology Seoul National Univ)
저널정보
대한의학회 Journal of Korean Medical Science Journal of Korean Medical Science Vol.37 No.38
발행연도
2022.10
수록면
1 - 12 (12page)
DOI
10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e280

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Background: It is essential to understand the mechanism of the various causes of laser fiber damage and an ideal method of reducing endoscope damage induced by laser emission in multiple sites. This study classified the different patterns of laser fiber degradation according to laser settings and analyzed the role of cavitation bubbles to find a desirable way of minimizing endoscope damage. Methods: A total of 118 laser fibers were analyzed after 1-,3-, and 5-min laser emission to artificial stones under the settings of 1 J-10 Hz, 1 J-20 Hz, 1 J-30 Hz, and 2 J-10 Hz. Every 3 cm from the fiber tip was marked and examined with a digital microscope and a high-speed camera. The images of the fibers and the movement of cavitation bubbles were taken with a distance of 1 to 5 mm from the gel. Results: Seven types of fiber damage (charring, limited and extensive peeled-off, bumpy, whitish plaque, crack, and break-off ) coincided during laser emission. Damages rapidly increased with emission time > 3 minutes regardless of the laser settings. The damaged lengths covered 5 mm on average, and the fibers at 5-min emission were significantly shorter than others. The fiber durability of 1J-10Hz setting was better than other settings after 3-min laser emission. Backward movement of the cavitation bubbles was found at the 1-mm distance from the gel, and the damaged lengths were longer than the diameters of the cavitation bubbles because of their proximal movement. Conclusion: The damage patterns of the laser fiber tips were classified into seven types. The heat damage around the surface of the laser fiber can be increased according to the highenergy or high-frequency laser setting, a short distance to the stone, a short distance from the tips of flexible ureteroscopes, no cutting laser fiber procedures, and the inappropriate use of irrigation fluid or laser fiber jacket.

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