새싹보리의 항염증 효능을 확인하기 위하여 RAW264.7 마우스 대식세포에서 LPS에 의한 NO 생성 억제 정도를 평가하였다. BSP, BSE, BSW 중 BSE와 BSW가 cell viability에 영향을 미치지 않는 농도에서 NO 생성을 억제하였다. 새싹보리 열수 및 에탄올 추출물 모두 항염증 효능이 있음을 확인하였다. 새싹보리의 주요 활성 성분 중 luteolin의 NO 생성 및 in vitro HAT 활성 억제능이 다른 성분들보다 뛰어났다. LPS로 염증반응이 유도된 RAW264.7 세포에서 luteolin은 염증매개인자(IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2)의 발현을 감소시켰다. Luteolin의 total 및 specific HAT 활성 조절 정도를 평가하였는데, total HAT 활성에 있어서 luteolin의 IC<SUB>50</SUB>은 48.57 μM이었다. Luteolin은 또한 저농도 처리(0.1 μM)에서부터 p300, CBP, PCAF의 활성을 현저하게 감소시켰다. Luteolin의 HAT 활성 억제능은 LPS로 염증반응이 유도된 RAW264.7 세포의 핵 내에서도 동일하게 관찰되었다. Luteolin의 항염증 효능은 HAT 활성 억제와 연관이 있으며, 새싹보리에서 관찰된 항염증 효능은 luteolin의 HAT 억제를 통한 항염증 효능에 기인한다고 할 수 있겠다.
This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory activity and the mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of barley sprout (Hordeum vulgare L.). Barley sprout powder (BSP), barley sprout ethanol extract (BSE), and barley sprout water extract (BSW) were prepared, and the inhibitory effects of the samples on nitric oxide (NO) production were evaluated. The results showed that the inhibitory activity of BSE and BSW on NO production was greater compared to BSP. Among the active compounds found in barley sprouts, luteolin exhibited greater inhibition of NO production and histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity compared to the other compounds. Luteolin significantly (P<0.05) attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammatory mediators, including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 in RAW264.7 cells. Luteolin also significantly inhibited in vitro specific HATs (p300, CBP, PCAF) as well as total HAT, which was also observed in the nuclear fraction of LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. The anti-inflammatory activity of luteolin was attributed to total and specific HAT inhibition. Collectively, the anti-inflammatory activity of barley sprouts could be attributed to luteolin via HAT inhibition.