본 연구는 부산을 사례로 도시형 생활주택의 입지 및 개발특성을 분석하여 시사점을 도출하는 것으로 향후 소형주택 입지와 공급정책에 기초자료로 활용하는 것이 목적이다. 분석방법은 도시형 생활주택 제도가 도입된 2009년 5월부터 2014년 12월 말까지 16개 구군에서 인허가 신청된 2,703건의 Data를 수집하여 Excel과 GIS에 입력한 다음 입력한 Data를 GIS의 shape파일에 따로 분류하여 지도에 표시하고 사례별로 분석하였다. 입지 및 개발 특성 분석 결과 첫째, 도시형생활주택의 공급은 신청 건수로는 제2종 일반주거지역, 세대수로는 일반상업지역이 높은 것으로 분석되어 용적률이 높은 고용중심지에 많이 공급됨을 확인하였다. 둘째, ‘편리한 대중교통 이용’과 ‘직장․학교의 인접’이라는 접근성의 경우 공급 건수는 역세권이 대학가보다 높으나, 밀집 빈도는 대학가가 역세권보다 높게 나타나 일반적으로 역세권 입지가 대부분이며, 역세권과 대학가가 중첩되는 경우 대학에 가까운 입지경향을 보임을 확인하였다. 한편 역세권 내 지하철역과 거리가 가까울수록 공급량 및 공급규모가 많을 것이란 예상과는 달리 역세권 내 300-400m 범위에서 가장 많이 공급되는 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 공급 전용면적은 제도완화에도 불구하고 30㎡ 미만의 초소형 주택이 집중 공급되고 있으며, 이는 공급대상이 주로 1인 가구이며, 2인 가구 대상의 전용면적 확대를 유도하는 정책이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 넷째, 도심의 비싼 토지가격 형성으로 300㎡ 이하의 작은 필지면적과 1개 필지로 개발이 이루어지고 있으며, 합필 등을 통한 필지면적 400㎡ 이상, 전용면적 30㎡ 초과로 개발을 유도하는 인센티브 제공 정책의 제시를 통해 전용면적의 초소형화와 소형주택 수요자의 편중을 방지하여야 할 것이다.
This research aims at analyzing the location and development characteristics of the urban-type housing in case of Busan, deducting implications, and being used as the data base for future location and supply policies of small-sized houses. As for the analysis methods, 2,703 cases of data in which licensing was applied in 16 districts from May, 2009, to the end of December, 2014, when the urban-type housing system was introduced were collected, and entered into Excel and GIS, and then the input data was separately categorized into the shape file of GIS, marked on the map, and analyzed in each case. As the analysis results into the location and development characteristics, first, the supply of the urban-type housing was analyzed to be the biggest in the second class of general residential area as for the number of application, and in the general commercial area as for the number of households, so it was proved that the supply was bigger in the center of employment with a high floor area ratio. Second, with regard to the accessibility, that is, ‘use of convenient public transportation’ and ‘proximity to workplace or school’, the number of supply in the stations sphere of influence was bigger than that in the areas around a college, but the concentration frequency of the areas around a college was found to be higher than that of the stations sphere of influence. Accordingly, it was verified that most of the cases fell under the location in the stations sphere of influence in general, and when the location in the stations sphere and the areas around a college were overlapped, it was proved that the location tendency was close to a college. On the other hand, different from the prediction that the shorter the distance was to a subway station in the stations sphere of influence, the bigger amount and size of supply would be, it was analyzed that the supply was biggest in the range of 300 to 400m in the stations sphere of influence. Third, regarding the supply for exclusive use, in spite of mitigation of the system, very small-sized houses smaller than 30㎡ were being provided intensively, the main target of supply was single-person households, and the policies to induce the enlargement of the size for exclusive use targeting two-person households were necessary. Fourth, the formation of high land prices in downtown caused development to be focused on the land smaller than 300㎡, and one piece of land. The microminiaturization of the land for exclusive use and excessive demand for small-sized houses should be prevented by suggesting the incentive policies to induce the development of the land whose size is bigger than 400㎡ and whose land for exclusive use is bigger than 30㎡ through combination of lots and etc.