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Purpose To improve effect of liver disease treatment, tissueengineering approach such as direct hepatocyte injection hasbeen investigated. Encapsulation, mixing cells and biomaterialsto enclose cells within a biomaterial capsule, is commonlyused to deliver cells into the body. Many kinds of biomaterialsincluding natural and artificial materials have been used. Thecapsule must have biocompatibility and microstructure forcell culture, survival and proliferation as well as cell functionand therapeutic effects. However, most biomaterials usedfor encapsulation have low biocompatibility, insufficientconstituents and an unsuitable 3-dimensional structure. Tosolve these problems, we performed encapsulation using adecellularized liver scaffold (DCLS) with a native extracellularmatrix (ECM) and natural porous microstructure includingvasculature. Methods DCLS was prepared with 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate under agitation and 2 mm2 sized DCLS pieces weresterilized with peracetic acid (25.6 μl/10 ml) for 24 hours. Histological analysis showed that the DCLS had nativeECM, liver specific major architecture and blood vesselstructure but no cells. For cell encapsulation, hepG2 cellswere injected into DCLS pieces with a syringe and culturedfor 5 days. Results The cells survived and formed a cell mass with aliver ECM microstructure inside the DCLS capsules. Theencapsulation status was similar to capsules formed by currentencapsulation techniques. Conclusions DCLS can be used to make an encapsulationcell delivery system.

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