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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 저널정보
- 한국중어중문학회 중어중문학 中語中文學 第83輯
- 발행연도
- 2021.3
- 수록면
- 257 - 283 (27page)
- DOI
- 10.46612/kjcll.2021.03.83.257
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초록· 키워드
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This study investigates the time when 否 fŏu started to be used in place of [不+previous verb] by analyzing its occurrences in both excavated and transmitted Old Chinese texts. It aims to define the part of speech of 否 based on the data.
否 started to appear very scantily in the Bronze Inscriptions. It is used in its original meaning, i.e. ‘bad, wrong, blocked’ or as a loanword for a negative adverb 不 or an adjective 丕 ‘great.’ It is first used in place of [不+previous verb(or verb phrase)] in The Book Odes (Shījīng 詩經) and The Book of Documents (Shàngshū 尚書). It appears in the form [或+verb+或+否], [verb+否], or [verb+與+否]. Therefore, it is very obvious what previous verb 否 refers to. The reason that 否 was adopted for the loanword for [不+previous verb phrase] is that 否 and 不 are not only similar in terms of their shapes but also homophonous in Old Chinese. Both belong to 幫母(the voiceless unaspirated bilabial stop initial) and 之部 (The zhī rhyme group) in Old Chinese. Therefore, 否was chosen to indicate [不+previous verb phrase].
During the time of Zuo’s Commentary (Zuŏzhuàn 左傳), The Record of Rites (Lǐjì 禮記), and Mencius (Mèngzǐ 孟子), the function of 否 referring to [不+previous verb phrase] was well-established. 否 was seldom used as its original meanings. Nor was it used as a loanword for 不 or 丕. 否 started to occur in more complex syntactic environments, such as [verb+(則)······,否則······], [···(則)+verb, ···則否], and so on. 否 not only refers to [不+previous verb phrase] but can also mean [不+previous sentence]. It is also used as an answer meaning ‘it is not so,’ or simply ‘no,’ which is opposite to 然‘it is so,’ or ‘yes.’
Based on the data, this paper claims that 否 is a type of so-called “pro-form.” It replaces the previous verb, verb phrase, sentence, and even the entire statement. Therefore, 否 is a pro-verb and a pro-sentence as well.
否 started to appear very scantily in the Bronze Inscriptions. It is used in its original meaning, i.e. ‘bad, wrong, blocked’ or as a loanword for a negative adverb 不 or an adjective 丕 ‘great.’ It is first used in place of [不+previous verb(or verb phrase)] in The Book Odes (Shījīng 詩經) and The Book of Documents (Shàngshū 尚書). It appears in the form [或+verb+或+否], [verb+否], or [verb+與+否]. Therefore, it is very obvious what previous verb 否 refers to. The reason that 否 was adopted for the loanword for [不+previous verb phrase] is that 否 and 不 are not only similar in terms of their shapes but also homophonous in Old Chinese. Both belong to 幫母(the voiceless unaspirated bilabial stop initial) and 之部 (The zhī rhyme group) in Old Chinese. Therefore, 否was chosen to indicate [不+previous verb phrase].
During the time of Zuo’s Commentary (Zuŏzhuàn 左傳), The Record of Rites (Lǐjì 禮記), and Mencius (Mèngzǐ 孟子), the function of 否 referring to [不+previous verb phrase] was well-established. 否 was seldom used as its original meanings. Nor was it used as a loanword for 不 or 丕. 否 started to occur in more complex syntactic environments, such as [verb+(則)······,否則······], [···(則)+verb, ···則否], and so on. 否 not only refers to [不+previous verb phrase] but can also mean [不+previous sentence]. It is also used as an answer meaning ‘it is not so,’ or simply ‘no,’ which is opposite to 然‘it is so,’ or ‘yes.’
Based on the data, this paper claims that 否 is a type of so-called “pro-form.” It replaces the previous verb, verb phrase, sentence, and even the entire statement. Therefore, 否 is a pro-verb and a pro-sentence as well.
목차
1. 서론
2. 否에 관한 기존 연구 요약
3. 否의 기원
4. 상고 한어 문헌에 나타난 否의 용례 분석
5. 否의 품사 고찰
6. 결론
參考文獻
Abstract
참고문헌 (46)
참고문헌 신청
陳彭年 / 1998 / 校正宋本廣韻(附索引) / 藝文印書館
Crystal, David / 2008 / A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics / Wiley-Blackwell
Diessel, Holger / 1999 / Demonstratives: Forms, Functions, and Grammaticalization / John Benjamins Publishing Company
Grover, Dorothy L. / 1992 / A Prosentential Theory of Truth / Princeton University Press
廣文編譯所 / 1966 / 國語中古音對照手冊 / 廣文書局
Crystal, David / 2008 / A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics / Wiley-Blackwell
Diessel, Holger / 1999 / Demonstratives: Forms, Functions, and Grammaticalization / John Benjamins Publishing Company
Grover, Dorothy L. / 1992 / A Prosentential Theory of Truth / Princeton University Press
廣文編譯所 / 1966 / 國語中古音對照手冊 / 廣文書局
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