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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2020.3
- 수록면
- 131 - 167 (37page)
- DOI
- 10.29323/mchina.2020.3.85.131
이용수
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
In the mid-1940s, when the Sino-Japanese war was entering the later phase, there was an active controversy on the decision of China"s post-war new capital. In the course of the debate at the time, intellectuals used a variety of logics and explored which city was the most suitable for China’s new capital. They analyzed China"s past, present and future from various perspectives, including political, historical, economic, military-strategic and cultural aspects.
Nanjing was a strong candidate along with Xi"an and Beijing. In particular, those who insisted on Nanjing paid attention to the necessity of strengthening maritime defense. They insisted that after the Opium War, China"s danger no longer occurred on the northern inland but on the southern coast, and argued that as the security environment surrounding China changed, China"s defense strategy should be centered on maritime defense, not on mainland defense. And they also persisted that in order to strengthen maritime defense, the capital should be located in the coastal area, and in many aspects, Nanjing was the most suitable place.
Arguments on maritime defense of the 1940s as seen through the logics of the insistences supporting Nanjing as China’s new capital, are very similar to the ones that were brought up 70 years ago. Also in the 1870s, debate evolved over whether the danger of the northern continent was more serious or the danger of the southern coast was more serious. Bureaucrats like Li Hongzhang(李鴻章) insisted that China should enhance maritime defense capacity because the imperialist powers expanded coastal aggression since the mid-19th century. This situation was very similar to the situation in the 1940"s capital controversy where people who emphasized the danger of the northern continent supported Xian or Beijing, and those who emphasized the danger of the southern coast supported Nanjing.
However, there were also differences to the two maritime defense arguments of the 1870s and 1940s. The argument of the 1870s was a passive one in the sense that it mainly pursued the defense of the coastal posts and near sea through the collaboration of the land troops and small scale navy. But the argument of the 1940s pursued more. They insisted that China should enter the oceans such as the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean and take control of the sea area. In addition, they insisted that they increase their trade through the sea and actively contact the international community. During World War II, China abolished the inequality treaty, established its position as a sovereign state, and emerged as a member of a powerful nation in the international community. These changes led to the differences of the maritime defense arguments of the two periods.
Nanjing was a strong candidate along with Xi"an and Beijing. In particular, those who insisted on Nanjing paid attention to the necessity of strengthening maritime defense. They insisted that after the Opium War, China"s danger no longer occurred on the northern inland but on the southern coast, and argued that as the security environment surrounding China changed, China"s defense strategy should be centered on maritime defense, not on mainland defense. And they also persisted that in order to strengthen maritime defense, the capital should be located in the coastal area, and in many aspects, Nanjing was the most suitable place.
Arguments on maritime defense of the 1940s as seen through the logics of the insistences supporting Nanjing as China’s new capital, are very similar to the ones that were brought up 70 years ago. Also in the 1870s, debate evolved over whether the danger of the northern continent was more serious or the danger of the southern coast was more serious. Bureaucrats like Li Hongzhang(李鴻章) insisted that China should enhance maritime defense capacity because the imperialist powers expanded coastal aggression since the mid-19th century. This situation was very similar to the situation in the 1940"s capital controversy where people who emphasized the danger of the northern continent supported Xian or Beijing, and those who emphasized the danger of the southern coast supported Nanjing.
However, there were also differences to the two maritime defense arguments of the 1870s and 1940s. The argument of the 1870s was a passive one in the sense that it mainly pursued the defense of the coastal posts and near sea through the collaboration of the land troops and small scale navy. But the argument of the 1940s pursued more. They insisted that China should enter the oceans such as the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean and take control of the sea area. In addition, they insisted that they increase their trade through the sea and actively contact the international community. During World War II, China abolished the inequality treaty, established its position as a sovereign state, and emerged as a member of a powerful nation in the international community. These changes led to the differences of the maritime defense arguments of the two periods.
목차
머리말
Ⅰ. 남경 건도론 속 해방론
Ⅱ. 1940년대 중국의 해방론
Ⅲ. 1870년대와 1940년대의 해방론 비교
맺음말
참고문헌
〈Abstract〉
참고문헌 (78)
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