The aims of this study were wintering individuals, usage of foraging sites, potential food
availability, daily activity and disturbance factors of White-naped Cranes Grus vipio on the wintering
site, Han-river estuary, Goyang and Gimpo city, Korea. We want to provide basic data to conserve
the cranes. Maxium population was identified 162 individuals at the middle of February in
the river side and mud flat of this study area. Spring migration for breeding was started at the first
week of March and finished for two weeks later. White-naped Cranes were used four feeding sites in
winter; agricultural area in Hongdopyong, Yihwa-dong, Pyong-dong and Songpo-dong. Expected
carrying capacity (ECC) was 334 days (121~909 days). White-naped Cranes departed from roosting
site to feeding site at every morning for foraging. If they were disturbed by some factors at feeding
sites, they moved to mud flat in the Han river to forage and take a rest. Daily activity was consisted
of six category; feeding, alert, locomotion, preening, comfort, social and other behaviors. Feeding
was the highest portion among behaviors in the wintering area. Feeding, alert, locomotion and preening
in daily activities significantly differed among feeding sites. We watched total 348 times of disturbances
in the wintering sites. Artificial disturbances were vehicles, humans, bicycles and motorcycles.
Natural disturbances were noises, animals and others. Disturbances in all wintering sites
were highest in Yihwa-dong (134 times) and followed by Hongdopyong (109 times), Songpo-dong
(64 times) and then Pyong-dong (44 times). And artificial disturbances (228 times) were more than
natural disturbances (120 times). Especially, vehicle was one of the most checked factor in the
wintering area.
The aims of this study were wintering individuals, usage of foraging sites, potential food
availability, daily activity and disturbance factors of White-naped Cranes Grus vipio on the wintering
site, Han-river estuary, Goyang and Gimpo city, Korea. We want to provide basic data to conserve
the cranes. Maxium population was identified 162 individuals at the middle of February in
the river side and mud flat of this study area. Spring migration for breeding was started at the first
week of March and finished for two weeks later. White-naped Cranes were used four feeding sites in
winter; agricultural area in Hongdopyong, Yihwa-dong, Pyong-dong and Songpo-dong. Expected
carrying capacity (ECC) was 334 days (121~909 days). White-naped Cranes departed from roosting
site to feeding site at every morning for foraging. If they were disturbed by some factors at feeding
sites, they moved to mud flat in the Han river to forage and take a rest. Daily activity was consisted
of six category; feeding, alert, locomotion, preening, comfort, social and other behaviors. Feeding
was the highest portion among behaviors in the wintering area. Feeding, alert, locomotion and preening
in daily activities significantly differed among feeding sites. We watched total 348 times of disturbances
in the wintering sites. Artificial disturbances were vehicles, humans, bicycles and motorcycles.
Natural disturbances were noises, animals and others. Disturbances in all wintering sites
were highest in Yihwa-dong (134 times) and followed by Hongdopyong (109 times), Songpo-dong
(64 times) and then Pyong-dong (44 times). And artificial disturbances (228 times) were more than
natural disturbances (120 times). Especially, vehicle was one of the most checked factor in the
wintering area.