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This study investigated the effects of feeding by-product feed (BF)-based silage on the behavior of growingHanwoo heifers. Twelve Hanwoo heifers (13.2 months-old, 315 kg body weight; four heifers per pen) were assignedto three diets: a rice straw (RS) diet (concentrate mix and free access to RS), a RS and BF-based silage (RSBFS) diet(concentrate mix and free access to RS and BF-based silage), and a BF-based silage (BFS) diet (concentrate mix andfree access to BF-based silage). Behavior was recorded for 5 days using camcorders. Compared to the RS group,the BFS group showed 21.7% higher dry matter intake, shorter feeding, rumination, and chewing times, as well aslonger resting time (p < 0.05). Although all groups exhibited similar drinking, urination, and defecation frequencies,the BFS group exhibited higher feeding rates, rumination efficiency, and chewing efficiency than the RS group(p < 0.05). Compared to the BFS group, the RSBFS group showed higher peNDF8.0 intake (15.2% vs. 25.0% dry matterintake), longer feeding and sitting times, lower defecation frequency (p < 0.05), and similar rumination efficiency. In conclusion, complete replacement of conventional RS with BF-based silage reduced rumination and chewingactivity in growing Hanwoo heifers, and BF-based silage feeding with large-particle straw is an effective approach inimproving heifer behavior.

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