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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
대구사학회 대구사학 대구사학 제4권 제77호
발행연도
2004.1
수록면
265 - 304 (40page)

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Communism has been an enduring presence on the French political scene for most of this twentieth century. French communism has been characterized by impact of both Russian communist Party and the French working class on its development. For analysing these two points, this paper attempts to examine Tours Congress of December 1920 which the PCF was born, and restore the situation at that time. In the process of the creation of the PCF, we saw some impact of the Russian elements, the impact of Russian Revolution and the Communist International on the French political leaders. But we should be also be careful not to exaggerate those two elements, so that we may not belittle the importance on the french tradition in the transition of French socialists in favor of Third International. The myth of strong influence of Soviet Union on PCF was due to the intervention of Léon Blum and his friends. Severely criticizing the Intervention of Russian elements, they chose the SFIO. Another reason for that myth was the bolchevization of the PCF in the mid-twenties. We should also bear in mind the contribution of the French peasant in the Center region to birth of the PCF. The french peasants considered the Russian Revolution as the extension of the French Revolution and the signal for the new world. Therefore, they supported the Third International. The number of peasant supporters to the Third International were larger than that of workers. This fact was caused by committed activities by members of the ARAC Association which the First World War's veterans had organized in the region. The PCF's continuous characteristics, the bases on the French tradition and the rural support in the Party, were at the heart of its identity, even if the Party itself considered them peripheral after its creation.

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