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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국18세기영문학회 18세기영문학 18세기영문학 제7권 제1호
발행연도
2010.1
수록면
95 - 112 (18page)

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Defoe's Crusoe is plagued not so much by loneliness or scarcity per se as by his paranoia about other human or humans intruding on his territory. For a stranded shipwrecked European in an unknown part of the world, he is remarkably well provided with material, tools, and firearms. Yet anxious he permanently is about the hypothetical foe who he believes would be bent on destroying his peace, possession, and privacy. Crusoe presupposes, in short, a Hobbesian state of nature where everyone is potentially at war with everyone else. One could also read the case in terms of Locke's political philosophy according to which your right to property entitles and binds you to bear arms in self-defence. Gathering both strands, we come to the conclusion that private property is the casus belli of the state of emergency which Crusoe imposes on himself. Yet this right to kill another human upon mere suspicion of the other's hostile intent is something Hugo Grotius would certainly find “repugnant.” It is also what Defoe the pamphleteer would attack as an irrational and dishonorable act. The later combat and bloodshed incurred in rescuing “Friday” (and later his father) from his cannibal captors, then, is a novelistic cover-up of this logical weakness—a supplement or a belated addition designed to justify the heavy armament and maximum security which Crusoe feels obliged to pursue. In this aspect Robinson Crusoe crystallizes the skeletal logic of war economy and the economy of war in a world where private property remains the primordial precondition of life and death.

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