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Background and Objectives:Although the incidence of tuberculosis has decreased recently, cervical tuberculous lympha-denitis is one of the most comon causes of neck mas in Korea. Its confirmative diagnosis is not comon, especially when the presence of acid-bacilli is not proven. So, the treatment of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis is generally carried out by clinical diagnosis, not by confirmative diagnosis. In this study, we designed to verify theusefulness of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), AFB stain, Mycobacterium tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (PCR)ectively. Materials and Methods:We underwent FNAC, AFB stain and PCR as a first stage work-up through fine needle aspiration in forty-eight patients who were suspected of cervical tuberculous lymphadenits. In patients with positive results on the first stage work-up, we treated the patients with antituberculosis chemotherapy under clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis. In patients with negative test results, we performed excisional biopsy. Also in patients who revealed positive results with no response to the antituberculosis chemotherapy, we performed an excisional biopsy too. Results:The sensitivity and spec-13.5% and 56.8 %, respectively. The specificity of PCR was 81.8%. Thirteen (59.1%) of 22 patients who revealed negative results in their first stage work-up were proven to have cervical tuberculous lymphadentis through excisional biopsy, and two of the positive results in PCR were false positive. Conclusion:In clinical diagnosis of cervical tuberculous lymphadentis, the first stage work-up used in this study is found to be useful methods which resulted 64.9% sensitivity and 81.8% spec-ld be considered positively. (Korean J Otolaryngol 2002;45:263-7)

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