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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
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한국목회상담학회 목회와 상담 목회와 상담 제24권
발행연도
2015.1
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72 - 108 (37page)

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The purpose of this article is to ascertain some therapeutic approaches for internalized shame in pastoral counseling. The reactions and behaviors associated with internalized shame exercise extensive, profound, and baneful effects on persons and communities: Christians and churches are no exception. Especially, shame arouses pathological problems such as depression, anxiety disorder, eating disorder, suicide, and drug intoxication, and is related with the inducement of defense mechanisms. Nonetheless, shame does not surface apparently, covered with a variety of defense mechanisms. The clarity of the concept on ‘shame’ has been obscured because we are often confused about the difference between shame and guilt thus the phenomenon of shame has not been studied much. Shame has been a peripheral issue for researchers. Internalized shame not only has negative impacts on character development but faith development as well. This article is intended to urge pastors and Christian counselors to become more aware of the dynamics of internalized shame and how this can influence their relationship with clients. In order to find ways to heal internalized shame, this paper investigated the development of shame from perspectives of psychoanalysis, object relations theory, and self-psychology. Based on the traits of shame and its development we can come up with three therapeutic approaches. they are ‘singing sad songs’, ‘re-experiencing Second Adam’, and ‘transmuting in a community.’ First, ‘singing sad songs’ means that what is internalized must be “externalized” in order to be healed. Because the experience of shame is so painful, it is often avoided, denied, or defended against. This is why shame is not easily perceived nor identified. Internalized shame cannot be healed unless it is externalized and shared. Therefore, ‘singing sad songs’ can be an effective tool to expose one’s hidden and inner self to the world and to himself/herself and this process must be the very first therapeutic step. Secondly, ‘re-experiencing the second Adam’ insists clients who suffer from shame-based identity to experience Jesus Christ as the Second Adam. Being directly associated with an internalized bad object, shame needs to be re-experienced by a good object. In shame, a person becomes the object as well as the subject of shame. By re-experiencing the second Adam, he or she can give up his or her insecure crooked false image and restore his or her true image. Lastly, ‘transmuting in a community’ emphasizes the importance of church community which can serve as a transitional space. Church community should mirror adequately a person’s need and fill one’s deficiency through non-judgmental and non-shaming attitudes. Church community can become God’s womb. These approaches can help people suffering from chronic shame to develop upright and healthy relations with themselves, others, and God.
#수치심 #내재화 #재내재화 #슬픈 노래 부르기 #둘째 아담 #중간영역 #Shame #Internalization #Reinternalization #Mourning #Second Adam #Transitional Space

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참고문헌 (47)

참고문헌 신청
Archer, Simon / 2005 / Shame, Doubt and the Shameless Object / Journal of the British Association of Psychotherapists 43 : 93 ~ 95 google schola Bacal, H. A / 1990 / Theories of Object Relations: Bridges to Self Psychology / Columbia University Press google schola Brausch, Amy M. / 2009 / The Role of Body Image and Disordered Eating as Risk Factors for Depression and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents / Suicide and Life-Threatening Beha google schola Crozier, W. R. / 1990 / Shyness and Embarrassment: Perspectives from Social Psychology / Cambridge University Press google schola Erikson, Erik Homburger / 1950 / Childhood and Society / Norton google schola

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