고지혈증 치료제인 cis-(3R,5R)-atorvastatin Ca (1)은 4개의 입체이성질체가 있으며, 각각의 이성질체들을 선 택적으로 제조한다는 것은 매우 어려운 일이다. 본 연구에서는 입체이성질체 중의 하나인 trans-(3R,5S)-atorvastatin Ca (7)을 초산에서 3,5-diketo atorvastatin ester (3)를 Me4NHB(OAc)3을 사용하여 환원시켜 cis-(3R,5R) (4)과 trans-(3R,5S)-atorvastatin ester (5)를 각각 1.5%와 98.5%의 비율로 입체선택적으로 제조할 수 있었다. 또한, 고지혈증 치료제인 cis-(3R,5R)-atorvastatin Ca (1)과 그의 입체이성질체인 trans-(3R,5S)-atorvastatin Ca (7)을 쥐에서 고지방식이 에 의해 유발된 고지혈증의 치료효과에 대하여 알아보았고, 이러한 연구의 수행을 위해 2010년 1월에 실험을 실시하 였다. 그 결과, 화합물 1과 7의 total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c)과 triglyceride (TG)는 각각 93.0±0.5, 43.5±0.8, 40.4±1.4, 45.6±0.9 mg/㎗와 110.0±0.7, 33.3±0.6, 65.8±1.9, 54.8±1.2 mg/㎗를 atherogenic index (AI)와 cardiac risk factor (CRF)는 1.14± 0.05 2.14±0.05와 2.31±0.06, 3.31±0.06을 나타냈으며 aspartate aminotransferase (AST)와 alanine aminotransferase (ALT)는 51.9±4.6, 16.0±2.1 IU/ℓ와 75.8±4.4, 35.1±9.7 IU/ℓ로 두 화합물 모두 고지혈증에 대한 치료효과를 나타내었으나, 화합물 1이 우수한 치료효과가 있는 반면 화합물 7은 치료효과가 낮은 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과들로 입체선택적 이성질체 의 합성에 대한 새로운 방법을 제시하고, 향후 시판되고 있는 의약품들의 입체이성질체에 대한 임상적 활용이 가능 할 것으로 사료된다.
cis-(3R,5R)-Atorvastatin Ca (1) used for hyperlipidemia have four stereomers. However, It is very difficult to prepare stereoselective stereomers. In this paper, the reduction of 3,5-diketo atorvastatin ester (3) was performed using Me4NHB(OAc)3 in acetic acid as a reductant and showed excellent stereoselectivity in the double reduction of 3,5-diketo atorvastatin ester (3). As a result, reduction of compound 3 by Me4NHB(OAc)3 was purely obtained with cis-(3R,5R)-atorvastatin ester (4) of 1.5% and trans-(3R,5S)-atorvastatin ester (5) of 98.5%. Also, cis-(3R,5R)-atorvastatin Ca (1) and trans-(3R,5S)-atorvastatin Ca (7) were used to determine efficacy in the treatment of liver damage and hyperlipidemia induced by a high-fat diet in rats and to study the performance of the January 2010 experient was conducted. As a result, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), and triglyceride (TG) levels of compound 1 and 7 groups were 93.0±0.5, 43.5±0.8, 40.4±1.4, 45.6±0.9 mg/㎗ and 110.0±0.7, 33.3±0.6, 65.8±1.9, 54.8±1.2 mg/㎗, respectively. Atherogenic index (AI) and cardiac risk factor (CRF) in compound 1 and 7 were 1.14±0.05, 2.14±0.05 and 2.31±0.06, 3.31±0.06, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were 51.9±4.6, 16.0±2.1 IU/ℓ and 75.8±4.4, 35.1±9.7 IU/ℓ. Taken together, while compound 1 treat against high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia by attenuating hepatic lipid depots and reducing oxidative stress, compound 7 group had a low curative effect on hyperlipidemia induced by a high-fat diet in rats. These findings suggest that new method about synthesis of stereoselective stereomers and indicate that it may consider using in a clinical trial.