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This research is a survey and a study of NAKANAKA found in Kyogen Texts which is Japan’s major spoken data. The purpose of this research is to identify the meaning and usage, and the change process of NAKANAKA found in Kyogen Texts through investigation and analysis. The meaning and usage of NAKANAKA found in all Kyogen Texts are as follows.
First, there is an issue in the classification of parts of speech and the selection of examples of NAKANAKA.
Second, According to the number of examples by part of speech, it is shown that interjection NAKANAKA is often used as a positive reply word reflecting the characteristics of Kyogen Texts as a stage language and that it is used in new Texts compared to old Texts. Analysis also shows that adverb NAKANAKANI and noun NAKANAKA are barely used, and especially, the usage of adverb NAKANAKA reached about 50% in Zyuusei, but started to decrease to 15% in Kinsei Zenki and more lower in Kinsei Chuuki.
Noun NAKANAKA first appeared in Kinsei, and the examples can be found in all Kyogen Texts. The general usage is in the shape, “NAKANAKA NO KOTO” and the meaning is deeply related to the increase of the number of examples of the interjection NAKANAKA.
Adverb NAKANAKANI first appeared in the early Kyogen Texts, “TENRIBON,” “TORAAKIRABON,” and “UTAI ,” but has very limited usage in new Kyogen Texts with selected examples. The meaning and usage gradually phase into positive evaluation.
Third, the collocation of adverb NAKANAKA and negative expressions are prominent except in “ZOKUKYOUGENKI .” It is the most basic usage. (3)KESSITE is used as the primary meaning, and ZUIBUN is used as a secondary meaning. Also, there is a significant difference between each Kyogen groups. This shows the change in the usage of adverb NAKANAKA throughout the MUROMATI ZIDAI to EDO ZIDAI . While the meaning and usage of adverb NAKANAKA are mostly related to the collocation with negative expressions, it is rare to relate the word in the degree of positivity in expressions.
First, there is an issue in the classification of parts of speech and the selection of examples of NAKANAKA.
Second, According to the number of examples by part of speech, it is shown that interjection NAKANAKA is often used as a positive reply word reflecting the characteristics of Kyogen Texts as a stage language and that it is used in new Texts compared to old Texts. Analysis also shows that adverb NAKANAKANI and noun NAKANAKA are barely used, and especially, the usage of adverb NAKANAKA reached about 50% in Zyuusei, but started to decrease to 15% in Kinsei Zenki and more lower in Kinsei Chuuki.
Noun NAKANAKA first appeared in Kinsei, and the examples can be found in all Kyogen Texts. The general usage is in the shape, “NAKANAKA NO KOTO” and the meaning is deeply related to the increase of the number of examples of the interjection NAKANAKA.
Adverb NAKANAKANI first appeared in the early Kyogen Texts, “TENRIBON,” “TORAAKIRABON,” and “UTAI ,” but has very limited usage in new Kyogen Texts with selected examples. The meaning and usage gradually phase into positive evaluation.
Third, the collocation of adverb NAKANAKA and negative expressions are prominent except in “ZOKUKYOUGENKI .” It is the most basic usage. (3)KESSITE is used as the primary meaning, and ZUIBUN is used as a secondary meaning. Also, there is a significant difference between each Kyogen groups. This shows the change in the usage of adverb NAKANAKA throughout the MUROMATI ZIDAI to EDO ZIDAI . While the meaning and usage of adverb NAKANAKA are mostly related to the collocation with negative expressions, it is rare to relate the word in the degree of positivity in expressions.
목차
〈Abstract〉
1. はじめに
2. 先行研究と問題点
3. 「なかなか」の意味と用法
4. おわりに
参考文献
REFERENCES
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2017-830-001572631