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The purpose of this paper is to describe on the change of several morphemes in modern Japanese. I attempted to research the problems about the change of morphemes such as [da] changed from [suru] following verbal noun, [na] as suffix changed from the ending of na-typed adjective and [teki] as productive particle changed from suffix.
The predicate combined verbal noun with [da] is nominal formally, but syntactically the relation of case is molded from its verbal properties. The sentences with verbal noun predicate have the meanings of modality such as realization of expectancy, notification of imminent matters, emphasis, imperative and so on. The morpheme [na] fixed with non-static nominals is indeclinable and has the function that indicate the static meanings as adjectivizer and that modify nominals as suffix.
Originally the form [teki] taking a morpheme or a word as the preceding basis can be regarded as lexical suffix. But the form [teki] taking a clause as the preceding basis also can be considered as a productive and grammatical particle. I estimate that the tendency of using [teki] including a clause would be more popular in the future Japanese.
I think that the usage of changed morphemes should be regarded as important contents in learning Japanese.
The predicate combined verbal noun with [da] is nominal formally, but syntactically the relation of case is molded from its verbal properties. The sentences with verbal noun predicate have the meanings of modality such as realization of expectancy, notification of imminent matters, emphasis, imperative and so on. The morpheme [na] fixed with non-static nominals is indeclinable and has the function that indicate the static meanings as adjectivizer and that modify nominals as suffix.
Originally the form [teki] taking a morpheme or a word as the preceding basis can be regarded as lexical suffix. But the form [teki] taking a clause as the preceding basis also can be considered as a productive and grammatical particle. I estimate that the tendency of using [teki] including a clause would be more popular in the future Japanese.
I think that the usage of changed morphemes should be regarded as important contents in learning Japanese.
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參考文獻
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2016-830-002000410