2006년 ‘지방교육 자치에 관한 법률’이 개정되었다. 그 결과, 교육의원을 주민 직선제로 선출하고, 시 · 도의회의 상임위원회에 통합형 교육위원회를 설치했다. 그리고 교육의원 선출과 교육위원회 존치에 대해 일몰제를 적용하였다. 이에 교육학계와 정치 · 행정학계는 분리론과 통합론 주장으로 첨예하게 대립하고 있다. 이 연구는 지난 2010년 지방선거에 의해 구성된 6개 시 · 도 교육위원회 의원들의 상반기 의정활동을 평가한다. 14개 평가 지표를 적용하여 교육의원과 비교육의원 그리고 지역별 교육위원회의 의정활동을 비교한 후, 성과의 차이, 정책적 함의 등을 논의한다. 연구결과, 교육의원은 본회의 및 교육위 출석, 예 · 결산 심의 등 8개 그리고 비교육의원은 조례 발의 및 가결 등 4개 지표에서 우수하였다. 결국 교육의원의 활동성과가 비교육의원 보다 약간 높게 산출되었다. 청원은 두 집단 간 차이가 없었다. 지역별 교육위의 의정활동을 비교한 결과, 광주가 가장 좋은 의정 성과를 나타내었다. 정책적 함의는 첫째, 교육위의 자주 조례 비율을 증대하려면 상위법의 적용 범위를 확대해야 한다. 둘째, 의회 홈폐이지에 의원들의 출석율을 공개하여 낮은 출석율을 신장시킨다. 셋째, 예산 심의는 편성 근거나 혹은 과다 계상된 예산, 낭비성 · 소모성 성격의 예산을 추출하여 삭감한다. 넷째, 행정사무 감사에서 집행된 사업의 평가도 중요하지만, 지적 사항의 개선 조치를 확인하는 사후관리 또한 중요한 의정활동이다. 다섯째, 청원을 지방의회의 규칙이 아닌 조례로 개정해야 한다. 여섯째, 교육의원과 교육위원회 존치에 관한 일몰제 적용에 있어 법률적 재고가 필요하다.
As the local education autonomy act was revised in 2006, board of education members have been elected by local residents, and the permanent committees of the provincial and municipal councils are equipped with integrative educational boards of education. In addition, the sunset law was applied to the election of board of education members and the existence of boards of education. Accordingly, there are sharp conflicts between the academic circle of education and the academic circles of politics and public administration in relation to division and integration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the legislative performance of six provincial and municipal boards of education in the first half year. The performance of the board of education members was compared with that of the non-members of the boards according to 14 selected evaluation indicators, and the legislative performance of the boards of education was compared by region. Besides, the differences in their performance and the implications of the differences were discussed. The board of education members were rated higher in eight indicators including attendance in the regular sessions, attendance in board of education meeting, and deliberation on budget and settlement of accounts. The non-members were rated higher in four indicators involving ordinance proposal and approval. Overall, the board of education members achieved a few higher results than the non-members. There was no difference between the two groups in petition. When the legislative performance of the boards of education was compared by region, the Gwangju board of education ranked first. The findings of the study had the following policy implications: First, the coverage of the superordinate law should be extended to boost the rate of ordinance enacted by the boards of education. Second, the attendance rate of council members should be made public on the websites of the councils to encourage their attendance. Third, in terms of budget deliberation, the grounds of budget compilation should be investigated, and the kind of budget that is excessive, profligate or wasting should be cut. Fourth, performance evaluation by administrative audit and inspection is important, and what equally matters is follow-up management that is to check what remedial actions have been taken. Fifth, petition should newly be dealt with as one of local council ordinances, not one of regulations. Sixth, the application of the sunset law into the election of board of education members and the existence of boards of education should be reconsidered from a legal perspective.