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A close look at the Ancient and Early Modern Chinese studies on auxiliary verbs reveals that combination modes and appearance frequency is only considered in studying the usage situation of auxiliary verbs. This paper investigates the usage situation of auxiliary verbs falling into the category of permission in deontic modality using Xingshiyinyuanzhuan from various points of view. The main findings of the research are as follows:
First, arranging the auxiliary verbs of the permission category by order of frequency is ‘可ㆍ不可 (116 times/positive form 29 times(25%), negative form 87 times (75%)) 〉得ㆍ不得(21 times/positive form 4 times(19%), negative form 17 times(81%)) 〉可以(17 times)〉不能(4 times)’.
Second, among the positive forms of ‘可’, ‘得’, ‘可以’, the case of ‘可’ taking no object is much more than that of ‘可’ taking object. Among the negative forms of ‘可’, ‘得’, ‘能’, ‘不可’, ‘不得’ not only take verbs but also take adjectives as an object.
Third, in general, the subject and the predicate of deontic modality auxiliary verbs are the second person and a volitive verb, respectively, while the sentence and the time the speaker gives permission are a utterance sentence and the present, respectively. On the contrary, the positive form of ‘可以’ and the negative form of ‘能’ have a low frequency in such cases. More general cases include subject being the general person, the predicate being a non-volitive verb, the sentence being a narrative sentence, and the time of speaker"s giving permission being the past. In light of these facts, ‘可以’ and ‘能’ do not seem to be a typical deontic modality auxiliary verb.
Fourth, among the negative forms of ‘可’, ‘得’, ‘能’, only ‘不得’ is being used in the written as well as in the spoken language.
First, arranging the auxiliary verbs of the permission category by order of frequency is ‘可ㆍ不可 (116 times/positive form 29 times(25%), negative form 87 times (75%)) 〉得ㆍ不得(21 times/positive form 4 times(19%), negative form 17 times(81%)) 〉可以(17 times)〉不能(4 times)’.
Second, among the positive forms of ‘可’, ‘得’, ‘可以’, the case of ‘可’ taking no object is much more than that of ‘可’ taking object. Among the negative forms of ‘可’, ‘得’, ‘能’, ‘不可’, ‘不得’ not only take verbs but also take adjectives as an object.
Third, in general, the subject and the predicate of deontic modality auxiliary verbs are the second person and a volitive verb, respectively, while the sentence and the time the speaker gives permission are a utterance sentence and the present, respectively. On the contrary, the positive form of ‘可以’ and the negative form of ‘能’ have a low frequency in such cases. More general cases include subject being the general person, the predicate being a non-volitive verb, the sentence being a narrative sentence, and the time of speaker"s giving permission being the past. In light of these facts, ‘可以’ and ‘能’ do not seem to be a typical deontic modality auxiliary verb.
Fourth, among the negative forms of ‘可’, ‘得’, ‘能’, only ‘不得’ is being used in the written as well as in the spoken language.
목차
1. 들어가는 말
2. 의무양상의 판별기준
3.『醒世姻緣傳』의 허가류 의무양상 조동사
4. 나오는 말
〈參考文獻〉
〈ABSTRACT〉
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2015-800-002701441